Diabetes Complications Quiz2

Diabetes Complications Overview

• Peripheral neuropathy is the most prevalent chronic complication of diabetes.
• Key indicator of diabetic retinopathy includes microaneurysms found in the retina.
• Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with diabetes.
• A common clinical sign of diabetic neuropathy is the loss of sensation in extremities.
• Coronary artery disease represents a major macrovascular complication in diabetes.

Prevention and Management Strategies

• Daily foot inspections and proper foot care are essential interventions to prevent diabetic foot ulcers.
• Amitriptyline is frequently prescribed for managing neuropathic pain in diabetic patients.
• The urine microalbumin test is crucial for screening diabetic nephropathy effectively.
• Aggressive lipid management is a key strategy to prevent cardiovascular complications in diabetes.

Glycemic Control and Related Complications

• Poor glycemic control closely correlates with the development of diabetic retinopathy.
• Microalbuminuria serves as an early indicator of diabetic nephropathy, highlighting potential kidney damage.
• ACE inhibitors are recommended to reduce proteinuria and slow diabetic nephropathy progression.

Medication Effects and Benefits

• Gastrointestinal upset is a common adverse effect associated with metformin usage.
• Weight loss is a notable benefit of GLP-1 agonists in managing diabetes.
• SGLT2 inhibitors are known to increase the risk of urinary tract infections as an adverse effect.

Self-Monitoring and Macrovascular Concerns

• Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) helps identify both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, essential for guiding therapy adjustments.
• Hyperglycemia plays a significant role in the development of macrovascular complications in diabetes.

Risk Reduction and Neovascularization

• Intensive blood glucose control is recommended to reduce the risk of progression in diabetic nephropathy.
• Neovascularization is a characteristic feature of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, indicating severe retinal changes.