Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is Dextrose 50% commonly known as?
What is Dextrose 50% commonly known as?
What class does Dextrose 50% belong to?
What class does Dextrose 50% belong to?
What is the mechanism of action of Dextrose 50%?
What is the mechanism of action of Dextrose 50%?
It serves as an aerobic metabolic substrate for ATP production and reverses CNS effects of hypoglycemia.
What is the primary indication for field use of Dextrose 50%?
What is the primary indication for field use of Dextrose 50%?
Signup and view all the answers
One contraindication for Dextrose 50% is known ______ deficiency.
One contraindication for Dextrose 50% is known ______ deficiency.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is an adverse reaction of Dextrose 50%?
Which of the following is an adverse reaction of Dextrose 50%?
Signup and view all the answers
What should Dextrose 50% not be administered through?
What should Dextrose 50% not be administered through?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the adult dosage range of Dextrose 50% for hypoglycemia?
What is the adult dosage range of Dextrose 50% for hypoglycemia?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the recommended pediatric dosage for Dextrose 50%?
What is the recommended pediatric dosage for Dextrose 50%?
Signup and view all the answers
How should Dextrose 50% be administered?
How should Dextrose 50% be administered?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the onset of action for Dextrose 50%?
What is the onset of action for Dextrose 50%?
Signup and view all the answers
What special note must be considered before administering Dextrose 50%?
What special note must be considered before administering Dextrose 50%?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Dextrose 50% Overview
- Also known as D50.
- Classified as a carbohydrate and hyperglycemic agent.
Mechanism of Action
- Serves as an aerobic metabolic substrate for ATP production.
- Rapidly increases serum glucose levels, reversing central nervous system effects of hypoglycemia.
- Provides short-term osmotic diuresis.
Indications for Use
- Primarily indicated for known hypoglycemia.
Contraindications
- Relative contraindication in known thiamine deficiency; thiamine should be given first if suspected.
- Use with caution in cases of delirium tremens or acute alcoholism, as effectiveness may be reduced without thiamine.
Adverse Reactions
- Risk of cerebral edema in children when administered IV undiluted.
- May worsen elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) or cerebral edema due to trauma or cerebrovascular accidents (CVA).
- Extravasation can lead to severe tissue necrosis; ensure IV access is secure.
- Can cause sclerosing effects on peripheral veins.
Incompatibilities and Drug Interactions
- Sodium bicarbonate is incompatible.
- Diazepam (Valium) can precipitate if given without flushing the line.
Adult Dosage
- For hypoglycemia, administer 12.5-25 grams IV (half to whole ampoule).
- Repeat after 10 minutes if blood glucose levels do not increase (1 ampoule = 25 grams in 50 mL).
Pediatric Dosage
- Administer 0.5-1 gram/kg of a dextrose 10% solution slowly over 20 minutes.
- D50 should be diluted to a 1:4 solution for pediatric use (e.g., mix one amp of D50 in a 250 mL bag of normal saline resulting in a dextrose 10% solution).
Routes of Administration
- Administered via IV bolus rapidly.
Onset and Duration
- Onset of action occurs in seconds.
- Peak effects and duration of action are variable.
Special Notes
- Blood glucose levels must be determined prior to the administration of dextrose.
- Avoid administration through small veins to minimize complications.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge about Dextrose 50% with these flashcards. The quiz covers definitions, mechanisms of action, and indications for field use. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals looking to refine their understanding of this important carbohydrate.
