Developmental Theorist: Cognitive Perspective Quiz

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What is a key point made in the text about the influence of nature and nurture on development?

The influences of nature and nurture are fixed at birth.

The influences of nature and nurture are uncontroversial.

Nature and nurture are the only influences on development.

The relative influence of nature and nurture varies depending on the behavior being considered. (correct)

In the context of intelligence, what debate is highlighted in the text?

Whether intelligence is solely determined by environmental factors.

Whether intelligence is not influenced by either genetics or environment.

Whether intelligence is solely determined by genetic factors. (correct)

Whether intelligence is fixed from birth and cannot be improved later in life.

What are some environmental influences on development?

Peer pressure (correct)

Maturation

Genetic factors

Parental discipline

What does the text suggest about efforts to improve intellectual performance later in life?

They may be unsuccessful if intelligence is primarily determined by heredity. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest is the outcome when traits and behavior are solely determined by nature or nurture?

There is no debate regarding the issue. Signup and view all the answers

How does the text describe the debate on intelligence in relation to nature and nurture?

Contentious Signup and view all the answers

How do cohort effects differ from age-graded influences?

Cohort effects are related to social events like wars, while age-graded influences are related to biological events like puberty. Signup and view all the answers

In what way do shared biological challenges during the 9/11 terrorist attack affect individuals according to the text?

They cause cohort effects that influence development. Signup and view all the answers

How is entry into formal education considered an age-graded influence?

It is a universal event that occurs at relatively the same time in most cultures. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a history-graded influence mentioned in the text?

Economic upturns and depressions Signup and view all the answers

How do cohort effects impact people's development according to the text?

They result in shared biological and environmental challenges for a particular cohort. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes age-graded influences from cohort effects?

Age-graded influences affect individuals of the same age group, while cohort effects affect people born at the same time in the same place. Signup and view all the answers

Why does being part of a particular cohort matter according to the text?

It exposes individuals to similar biological and environmental influences based on shared social events. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the cognitive perspective in developmental psychology?

Understanding how internal representations impact behavior Signup and view all the answers

According to Piaget, what changes as children progress through different stages of cognitive development?

Both quantity of information and quality of knowledge Signup and view all the answers

How does Piaget view the progression through stages of cognitive development?

As a fixed sequence Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect that developmental researchers using the cognitive perspective aim to understand?

How cognitive abilities change with age Signup and view all the answers

Why is Jean Piaget considered a significant figure in cognitive development research?

For suggesting a fixed sequence of universal stages in cognitive development Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Piaget's theory from other perspectives in developmental psychology?

Emphasis on cognitive processes involved in understanding the world Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential goal of studying cognitive development from a Piagetian perspective?

Exploring the relationship between different cognitive abilities Signup and view all the answers

What is a key concept drawn from the humanistic perspective that describes an important aspect of human behavior?

Self-actualization Signup and view all the answers

How does the contextual perspective view a person's development?

Enmeshed within a rich social and cultural context Signup and view all the answers

Why does the contextual perspective criticize the categorization of development into physical, cognitive, personality, and social factors?

Because it asserts that these influences are interconnected Signup and view all the answers

What does the humanistic perspective suggest about individuals' capacity?

Natural capacity to make decisions and control behavior Signup and view all the answers

How does the contextual perspective emphasize the relationship between individuals and their surroundings?

By considering individuals enmeshed within a rich social and cultural context Signup and view all the answers

In the context of lifespan development, what drawback does the text mention about categorizing factors separately?

It leads to oversimplification of development Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the contextual perspective in understanding human development?

Enmeshment within a social and cultural context Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the humanistic perspective in terms of individuals' behavior control?

Suggests individuals have a natural capacity to control their behavior Signup and view all the answers

What does the contextual perspective emphasize about an individual's unique development?

The importance of considering social and cultural context Signup and view all the answers