Developmental Research Methods Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for a research design in which a group of people is assessed on a psychological variable at one point in time?

  • Correlational design
  • Cross-sequential design
  • Longitudinal design
  • Cross-sectional design (correct)

    • Which research design involves obtaining measures of the variables of interest in multiple waves over time?

  • Cross-sequential design
  • Correlational design
  • Longitudinal design (correct)
  • Cross-sectional design

    • Which research method combines both a longitudinal design and a cross-sectional design?

  • Cross-sectional design
  • Correlational design
  • Longitudinal design
  • Cross-sequential design (correct)

    • What is the term for the influence of inherited or biological characteristics on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?

    <p>Nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the influence of the environment on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?

    <p>Nurture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the science of inherited traits?

    <p>Genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a section of DNA with the same arrangement of chemical elements, located on chromosomes?

    <p>Gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the physical and observable characteristics of an individual?

    <p>Phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the genetic makeup of an individual?

    <p>Genotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three domains of development?

    <p>Physical, Cognitive, Social</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the ability to think logically but not abstractly?

    <p>Concrete operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?

    <p>Identity versus role confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in young adulthood and involves striving for emotional and psychological closeness with another person?

    <p>Intimacy v. Isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in mid-adulthood and involves seeking to guide the next generation?

    <p>Generativity v. stagnation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in old age and involves seeking a sense of wholeness and releasing regret?

    <p>Integrity v. despair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?

    <p>Cellular clock theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that the abuse of the body's tissues leads to the inability to repair all damage?

    <p>Wear-and-tear theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that molecules with unstable electrons damage cells?

    <p>Free radical theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parenting style is characterized by firm limits and warmth and respect?

    <p>Authoritative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the Stages of Death and Dying involves striving for emotional and psychological independence?

    <p>Bargaining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research design involves obtaining measures of the variables of interest in multiple waves over time?

    <p>Longitudinal design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the influence of the environment on all of the following: personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?

    <p>Nurture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a research method that combines both a longitudinal design and a cross-sectional design?

    <p>Cross-sequential design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the science of inherited traits?

    <p>Genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a section of DNA with the same arrangement of chemical elements, located on chromosomes?

    <p>Gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the genetic makeup of an individual?

    <p>Genotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the physical and observable characteristics of an individual?

    <p>Phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three domains of development?

    <p>Physical, cognitive, and emotional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the influence of inherited (genetic) or biological characteristics on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?

    <p>Nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?

    <p>Hayflick limit theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the stage of cognitive development in which an infant uses its senses and motor abilities to interact with the environment?

    <p>Sensorimotor stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the use of language as a means of exploring the world?

    <p>Preoperational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the emotional bond between an infant and the primary caregiver?

    <p>Attachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?

    <p>Identity versus role confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the stage of cognitive development in which individuals are capable of logical thought but not abstract thinking?

    <p>Concrete operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?

    <p>Cellular clock theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that the abuse of the body's tissues leads to the inability to repair all damage?

    <p>Wear-and-tear theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in old age and involves seeking a sense of wholeness and releasing regret?

    <p>Integrity v. despair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parenting style is characterized by few demands and lack of warmth?

    <p>Permissive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in young adulthood and involves striving for emotional and psychological closeness with another person?

    <p>Intimacy v. Isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research design combines both a longitudinal design and a cross-sectional design?

    <p>Cross-sequential design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the first 2 weeks after fertilization?

    <p>Germinal period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the science of inherited traits?

    <p>Genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?

    <p>Cellular clock theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?

    <p>Identity vs. Role Confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the genetic makeup of an individual?

    <p>Genotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parenting style is characterized by firm limits and warmth and respect?

    <p>Authoritative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the influence of the environment on all of the following: personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?

    <p>Nurture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the ability to think logically but not abstractly?

    <p>Concrete operational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three domains of development?

    <p>Physical, cognitive, social</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?

    <p>Stage 5; Identity versus role confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that the abuse of the body's tissues leads to the inability to repair all damage?

    <p>Wear-and-tear theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the emotional bond between an infant and the primary caregiver?

    <p>Attachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in mid-adulthood and involves seeking to guide the next generation?

    <p>Stage 7; Generativity v. stagnation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the stage of cognitive development in which individuals are capable of logical thought but not abstract thinking?

    <p>Concrete operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the ability to think logically but not abstractly?

    <p>Concrete operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research method combines both a longitudinal design and a cross-sectional design?

    <p>Sequential design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in young adulthood and involves striving for emotional and psychological closeness with another person?

    <p>Stage 6; Intimacy v. Isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the influence of inherited or biological characteristics on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?

    <p>Nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a section of DNA with the same arrangement of chemical elements, located on chromosomes?

    <p>Gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research design aims to correct for some of the problems inherent in both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs?

    <p>Cross-sequential design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the influence of the environment on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?

    <p>Nurture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a molecule containing genetic material?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the ability to think logically but not abstractly?

    <p>Concrete operational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in mid-adulthood and involves seeking to guide the next generation?

    <p>Generativity vs. Stagnation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?

    <p>Identity vs. Role Confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?

    <p>Hayflick limit theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the Stages of Death and Dying involves striving for emotional and psychological independence?

    <p>Anger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parenting style is characterized by firm limits and warmth and respect?

    <p>Authoritative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the emotional bond between an infant and the primary caregiver?

    <p>Attachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in infancy and is the result of consistent or inconsistent care?

    <p>Trust versus mistrust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the use of language as a means of exploring the world?

    <p>Preoperational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that the cells in the body have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?

    <p>Cellular clock theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?

    <p>Identity versus role confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the ability to think logically but not abstractly?

    <p>Concrete operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parenting style is characterized by being rigid, strict, and lacking warmth?

    <p>Authoritarian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in mid-adulthood and involves seeking to guide the next generation?

    <p>Generativity versus stagnation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of aging suggests that the abuse of the body's tissues leads to the inability to repair all damage?

    <p>Wear-and-tear theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in young adulthood and involves striving for emotional and psychological closeness with another person while maintaining a sense of self?

    <p>Intimacy versus isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research design involves obtaining measures of the variables of interest in multiple waves over time?

    <p>Longitudinal design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of transforming stimulus energies into neural energy called?

    <p>Sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information called?

    <p>Perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sense organ is responsible for detecting chemical stimuli?

    <p>Nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye records electromagnetic energy and converts it to neural impulses?

    <p>Retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of photoreceptor cells in the retina are sensitive to light but not very useful for color vision?

    <p>Rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of color vision states that the retinas contain three types of cone cells, each responding best to a particular wavelength of light?

    <p>Young-Hemholtz Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory states that colors other than blue, green, and red are perceived through the mixing of signals from the cone cells?

    <p>Trichromatic Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sensory system is responsible for detecting pressure, vibration, and movement?

    <p>Somatosensory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sensory system is responsible for detecting light?

    <p>Visual system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve carries visual information from the eye to the brain?

    <p>Optic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory explains the perception of color based on the stimulation of different areas of the basilar membrane?

    <p>Place theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the clouding of the lens of the eye, which affects acuity and color vision?

    <p>Cataracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sense is responsible for communicating information about the movement and location of body parts?

    <p>Kinesthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the receptors for smell located?

    <p>Olfactory epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inability to see objects clearly, characterized by distorted vision and dark spots in the center of vision?

    <p>Macular degeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory explains the perception of color based on the rate of neural impulses traveling up the auditory nerve?

    <p>Frequency theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the five basic qualities of taste?

    <p>Sweetness, Saltiness, Sourness, Bitterness, Umami</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the mechanical senses, including kinesthesis, vestibular sensation, and the skin senses?

    <p>Somesthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the external (visible) flap of skin and cartilage in the ear?

    <p>Pinna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory explains the perception of color based on two-color processes, one for red versus green and one for yellow versus blue perception?

    <p>Two-color processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of transforming stimulus energies into neural energy called?

    <p>Sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sense organ is responsible for the perception of touch, hearing, and equilibrium?

    <p>Skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the sensory receptors that recognize visual information and send it to the brain for processing?

    <p>Photoreceptor cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of photoreceptor cells in the retina are sensitive to light but not very useful for color vision?

    <p>Rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of photoreceptor cells in the retina allow for color perception?

    <p>Cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve carries visual information from the eye to the brain for further processing?

    <p>Optic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Young-Hemholtz Trichromatic Theory, how many types of cone cells are there in the retinas?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of cone cells in the retinas called?

    <p>Red light, green light, blue light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the detection of light, perceived as sight?

    <p>Photoreception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the detection of pressure, vibration, and movement, perceived as touch, hearing, and equilibrium?

    <p>Mechanoreception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory explains the perception of color based on the rate of neural impulses traveling up the auditory nerve?

    <p>Frequency theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inability to see objects clearly, characterized by distorted vision and dark spots in the center of vision?

    <p>Macular degeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory explains the perception of color based on the stimulation of different areas of the basilar membrane?

    <p>Place theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the five basic qualities of taste?

    <p>Sweetness, saltiness, sourness, bitterness, umami</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the mechanical senses, including kinesthesis, vestibular sensation, and the skin senses?

    <p>Somesthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the clouding of the lens of the eye, which affects acuity and color vision?

    <p>Cataracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory states that colors other than blue, green, and red are perceived through the mixing of signals from the cone cells?

    <p>Trichromatic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the science of inherited traits?

    <p>Genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the influence of inherited or biological characteristics on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?

    <p>Nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a section of DNA with the same arrangement of chemical elements, located on chromosomes?

    <p>Gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Sigmund Freud, how many categories did he view the mind in?

    <p>Three categories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an enduring characteristic with which we are born?

    <p>Temperament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two important concepts for each stage in Freud's psychosexual stages?

    <p>Erogenous zone and Fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of personality development does the Id dominate?

    <p>Oral stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary conflict during the Phallic stage?

    <p>Societal norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the theory of a collective unconscious?

    <p>Carl Jung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of personality development do sexual feelings reawaken with appropriate targets?

    <p>Genital stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are the followers of Freud who developed competing theories of psychoanalysis called?

    <p>Neo-Freudians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of personality development occurs during the school years, where sexual feelings are repressed?

    <p>Latency stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality emphasizes the reciprocal interaction between the environment, personal factors, and behavior?

    <p>Bandura's social cognitive learning theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of self-actualization and the fulfillment of one's capabilities?

    <p>Carl Rogers' humanistic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality focuses on describing the characteristics of human personality in order to predict behavior?

    <p>Trait theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality proposes that personality is a set of learned responses or habits?

    <p>Cognitive behaviorism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality suggests that personality is influenced by both biology and the environment?

    <p>Behavioral genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of cultural roles in shaping personality?

    <p>Cultural personality theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality proposes that personality is influenced by the interaction of genetic factors and cultural roles?

    <p>Behavioral genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality suggests that personality is influenced by the perception of our actual characteristics and how we think we should be?

    <p>Carl Rogers' humanistic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of unconditional positive regard and being in touch with one's deep desires and feelings?

    <p>Carl Rogers' humanistic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality focuses on identifying human traits and understanding well-adjusted individuals?

    <p>Trait theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Sigmund Freud, how many categories did he view the mind in?

    <p>Three categories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Freud's Theory of Personality Development occurs during the first year of life and is dominated by the Id?

    <p>Oral stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary conflict during the Anal stage of Freud's Theory of Personality Development?

    <p>Toilet training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, what is the term for the enduring characteristics with which we are born?

    <p>Temperament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Freud's Theory of Personality Development occurs during 3 to 6 years of age and involves the development of the Superego?

    <p>Phallic stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Neo-Freudian developed a theory of a collective unconscious?

    <p>Carl Jung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two important concepts for each stage in Freud's psychosexual stages?

    <p>Erogenous zone and Fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Freud's Theory of Personality Development occurs during the school years and involves the repression of sexual feelings?

    <p>Latency stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Freud's Theory of Personality Development occurs when sexual feelings reawaken with (hopefully) appropriate targets?

    <p>Genital Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of color vision states that the retinas contain three types of cone cells, each responding best to a particular wavelength of light?

    <p>Trichromatic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality focuses on the importance of self-actualization and the fulfillment of our capabilities?

    <p>Humanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality proposes that personality is influenced by the interaction of genetic factors and cultural roles?

    <p>Cultural Personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality focuses on describing the characteristics of human personality in order to predict behavior?

    <p>Trait Theories of Personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality proposes that personality is a set of learned responses or habits?

    <p>Cognitive Behaviorism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of unconditional positive regard and being in touch with one's deep desires and feelings?

    <p>Humanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality proposes that personality is influenced by the perception of our actual characteristics and how we think we should be?

    <p>Humanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality proposes that personality is influenced by the interaction of genetic factors and cultural roles?

    <p>Cultural Personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality focuses on identifying human traits and understanding well-adjusted individuals?

    <p>Trait Theories of Personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality proposes that personality is influenced by the interaction of genetic factors and cultural roles?

    <p>Cultural Personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of personality proposes that personality is a set of learned responses or habits?

    <p>Cognitive Behaviorism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company holds the copyright for the text provided?

    <p>Pearson Education, Inc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the copyright for the text last updated?

    <p>2015</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many times is the phrase 'All Rights Reserved' repeated in the text?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

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