162 Questions
What is the term for a research design in which a group of people is assessed on a psychological variable at one point in time?
Cross-sectional design
Which research design involves obtaining measures of the variables of interest in multiple waves over time?
Longitudinal design
Which research method combines both a longitudinal design and a cross-sectional design?
Cross-sequential design
What is the term for the influence of inherited or biological characteristics on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?
Nature
What is the term for the influence of the environment on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?
Nurture
What is the term for the science of inherited traits?
Genetics
What is the term for a section of DNA with the same arrangement of chemical elements, located on chromosomes?
Gene
What is the term for the physical and observable characteristics of an individual?
Phenotype
What is the term for the genetic makeup of an individual?
Genotype
What are the three domains of development?
Physical, Cognitive, Social
Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the ability to think logically but not abstractly?
Concrete operations
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?
Identity versus role confusion
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in young adulthood and involves striving for emotional and psychological closeness with another person?
Intimacy v. Isolation
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in mid-adulthood and involves seeking to guide the next generation?
Generativity v. stagnation
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in old age and involves seeking a sense of wholeness and releasing regret?
Integrity v. despair
Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?
Cellular clock theory
Which theory of aging suggests that the abuse of the body's tissues leads to the inability to repair all damage?
Wear-and-tear theory
Which theory of aging suggests that molecules with unstable electrons damage cells?
Free radical theory
Which parenting style is characterized by firm limits and warmth and respect?
Authoritative
Which stage of the Stages of Death and Dying involves striving for emotional and psychological independence?
Bargaining
Which research design involves obtaining measures of the variables of interest in multiple waves over time?
Longitudinal design
What is the term for the influence of the environment on all of the following: personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?
Nurture
What is the term for a research method that combines both a longitudinal design and a cross-sectional design?
Cross-sequential design
What is the term for the science of inherited traits?
Genetics
What is the term for a section of DNA with the same arrangement of chemical elements, located on chromosomes?
Gene
What is the term for the genetic makeup of an individual?
Genotype
What is the term for the physical and observable characteristics of an individual?
Phenotype
What are the three domains of development?
Physical, cognitive, and emotional
What is the term for the influence of inherited (genetic) or biological characteristics on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?
Nature
Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?
Hayflick limit theory
What is the term for the stage of cognitive development in which an infant uses its senses and motor abilities to interact with the environment?
Sensorimotor stage
Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the use of language as a means of exploring the world?
Preoperational stage
What is the term for the emotional bond between an infant and the primary caregiver?
Attachment
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?
Identity versus role confusion
What is the term for the stage of cognitive development in which individuals are capable of logical thought but not abstract thinking?
Concrete operations
Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?
Cellular clock theory
Which theory of aging suggests that the abuse of the body's tissues leads to the inability to repair all damage?
Wear-and-tear theory
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in old age and involves seeking a sense of wholeness and releasing regret?
Integrity v. despair
Which parenting style is characterized by few demands and lack of warmth?
Permissive
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in young adulthood and involves striving for emotional and psychological closeness with another person?
Intimacy v. Isolation
Which research design combines both a longitudinal design and a cross-sectional design?
Cross-sequential design
What is the term for the first 2 weeks after fertilization?
Germinal period
What is the term for the science of inherited traits?
Genetics
Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?
Cellular clock theory
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
What is the term for the genetic makeup of an individual?
Genotype
Which parenting style is characterized by firm limits and warmth and respect?
Authoritative
What is the term for the influence of the environment on all of the following: personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?
Nurture
Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the ability to think logically but not abstractly?
Concrete operational stage
What are the three domains of development?
Physical, cognitive, social
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?
Stage 5; Identity versus role confusion
Which theory of aging suggests that the abuse of the body's tissues leads to the inability to repair all damage?
Wear-and-tear theory
What is the term for the emotional bond between an infant and the primary caregiver?
Attachment
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in mid-adulthood and involves seeking to guide the next generation?
Stage 7; Generativity v. stagnation
What is the term for the stage of cognitive development in which individuals are capable of logical thought but not abstract thinking?
Concrete operations
Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the ability to think logically but not abstractly?
Concrete operations
Which research method combines both a longitudinal design and a cross-sectional design?
Sequential design
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in young adulthood and involves striving for emotional and psychological closeness with another person?
Stage 6; Intimacy v. Isolation
What is the term for the influence of inherited or biological characteristics on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?
Nature
What is the term for a section of DNA with the same arrangement of chemical elements, located on chromosomes?
Gene
Which research design aims to correct for some of the problems inherent in both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs?
Cross-sequential design
What is the term for the influence of the environment on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?
Nurture
What is the term for a molecule containing genetic material?
DNA
Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the ability to think logically but not abstractly?
Concrete operational stage
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in mid-adulthood and involves seeking to guide the next generation?
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?
Hayflick limit theory
Which stage of the Stages of Death and Dying involves striving for emotional and psychological independence?
Anger
Which parenting style is characterized by firm limits and warmth and respect?
Authoritative
What is the term for the emotional bond between an infant and the primary caregiver?
Attachment
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in infancy and is the result of consistent or inconsistent care?
Trust versus mistrust
Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the use of language as a means of exploring the world?
Preoperational stage
Which theory of aging suggests that the cells in the body have a limited capacity to reproduce and repair damage?
Cellular clock theory
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs during adolescence and involves the search for a consistent sense of self?
Identity versus role confusion
Which stage of Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development is characterized by the ability to think logically but not abstractly?
Concrete operations
Which parenting style is characterized by being rigid, strict, and lacking warmth?
Authoritarian
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in mid-adulthood and involves seeking to guide the next generation?
Generativity versus stagnation
Which theory of aging suggests that the abuse of the body's tissues leads to the inability to repair all damage?
Wear-and-tear theory
Which stage of Erikson's Personality Development theory occurs in young adulthood and involves striving for emotional and psychological closeness with another person while maintaining a sense of self?
Intimacy versus isolation
Which research design involves obtaining measures of the variables of interest in multiple waves over time?
Longitudinal design
What is the process of transforming stimulus energies into neural energy called?
Sensation
What is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information called?
Perception
Which sense organ is responsible for detecting chemical stimuli?
Nose
Which part of the eye records electromagnetic energy and converts it to neural impulses?
Retina
Which type of photoreceptor cells in the retina are sensitive to light but not very useful for color vision?
Rods
Which theory of color vision states that the retinas contain three types of cone cells, each responding best to a particular wavelength of light?
Young-Hemholtz Theory
Which theory states that colors other than blue, green, and red are perceived through the mixing of signals from the cone cells?
Trichromatic Theory
Which sensory system is responsible for detecting pressure, vibration, and movement?
Somatosensory system
Which sensory system is responsible for detecting light?
Visual system
Which nerve carries visual information from the eye to the brain?
Optic nerve
Which theory explains the perception of color based on the stimulation of different areas of the basilar membrane?
Place theory
What is the term for the clouding of the lens of the eye, which affects acuity and color vision?
Cataracts
Which sense is responsible for communicating information about the movement and location of body parts?
Kinesthesis
Where are the receptors for smell located?
Olfactory epithelium
What is the term for the inability to see objects clearly, characterized by distorted vision and dark spots in the center of vision?
Macular degeneration
Which theory explains the perception of color based on the rate of neural impulses traveling up the auditory nerve?
Frequency theory
What are the five basic qualities of taste?
Sweetness, Saltiness, Sourness, Bitterness, Umami
What is the term for the mechanical senses, including kinesthesis, vestibular sensation, and the skin senses?
Somesthesis
What is the term for the external (visible) flap of skin and cartilage in the ear?
Pinna
Which theory explains the perception of color based on two-color processes, one for red versus green and one for yellow versus blue perception?
Two-color processes
What is the process of transforming stimulus energies into neural energy called?
Sensation
Which sense organ is responsible for the perception of touch, hearing, and equilibrium?
Skin
What is the name of the sensory receptors that recognize visual information and send it to the brain for processing?
Photoreceptor cells
Which type of photoreceptor cells in the retina are sensitive to light but not very useful for color vision?
Rods
Which type of photoreceptor cells in the retina allow for color perception?
Cones
Which nerve carries visual information from the eye to the brain for further processing?
Optic nerve
According to the Young-Hemholtz Trichromatic Theory, how many types of cone cells are there in the retinas?
3
What are the three types of cone cells in the retinas called?
Red light, green light, blue light
What is the term for the detection of light, perceived as sight?
Photoreception
What is the term for the detection of pressure, vibration, and movement, perceived as touch, hearing, and equilibrium?
Mechanoreception
Which theory explains the perception of color based on the rate of neural impulses traveling up the auditory nerve?
Frequency theory
What is the term for the inability to see objects clearly, characterized by distorted vision and dark spots in the center of vision?
Macular degeneration
Which theory explains the perception of color based on the stimulation of different areas of the basilar membrane?
Place theory
What are the five basic qualities of taste?
Sweetness, saltiness, sourness, bitterness, umami
What is the term for the mechanical senses, including kinesthesis, vestibular sensation, and the skin senses?
Somesthesis
What is the term for the clouding of the lens of the eye, which affects acuity and color vision?
Cataracts
Which theory states that colors other than blue, green, and red are perceived through the mixing of signals from the cone cells?
Trichromatic theory
What is the term for the science of inherited traits?
Genetics
What is the term for the influence of inherited or biological characteristics on personality, physical traits, IQ, and social competence?
Nature
What is the term for a section of DNA with the same arrangement of chemical elements, located on chromosomes?
Gene
According to Sigmund Freud, how many categories did he view the mind in?
Three categories
Which of the following is an enduring characteristic with which we are born?
Temperament
What are the two important concepts for each stage in Freud's psychosexual stages?
Erogenous zone and Fixation
During which stage of personality development does the Id dominate?
Oral stage
What is the primary conflict during the Phallic stage?
Societal norms
Who developed the theory of a collective unconscious?
Carl Jung
During which stage of personality development do sexual feelings reawaken with appropriate targets?
Genital stage
Who are the followers of Freud who developed competing theories of psychoanalysis called?
Neo-Freudians
Which stage of personality development occurs during the school years, where sexual feelings are repressed?
Latency stage
Which theory of personality emphasizes the reciprocal interaction between the environment, personal factors, and behavior?
Bandura's social cognitive learning theory
Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of self-actualization and the fulfillment of one's capabilities?
Carl Rogers' humanistic theory
Which theory of personality focuses on describing the characteristics of human personality in order to predict behavior?
Trait theory
Which theory of personality proposes that personality is a set of learned responses or habits?
Cognitive behaviorism
Which theory of personality suggests that personality is influenced by both biology and the environment?
Behavioral genetics
Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of cultural roles in shaping personality?
Cultural personality theory
Which theory of personality proposes that personality is influenced by the interaction of genetic factors and cultural roles?
Behavioral genetics
Which theory of personality suggests that personality is influenced by the perception of our actual characteristics and how we think we should be?
Carl Rogers' humanistic theory
Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of unconditional positive regard and being in touch with one's deep desires and feelings?
Carl Rogers' humanistic theory
Which theory of personality focuses on identifying human traits and understanding well-adjusted individuals?
Trait theory
According to Sigmund Freud, how many categories did he view the mind in?
Three categories
Which stage of Freud's Theory of Personality Development occurs during the first year of life and is dominated by the Id?
Oral stage
What is the primary conflict during the Anal stage of Freud's Theory of Personality Development?
Toilet training
According to Freud, what is the term for the enduring characteristics with which we are born?
Temperament
Which stage of Freud's Theory of Personality Development occurs during 3 to 6 years of age and involves the development of the Superego?
Phallic stage
Which Neo-Freudian developed a theory of a collective unconscious?
Carl Jung
What are the two important concepts for each stage in Freud's psychosexual stages?
Erogenous zone and Fixation
Which stage of Freud's Theory of Personality Development occurs during the school years and involves the repression of sexual feelings?
Latency stage
Which stage of Freud's Theory of Personality Development occurs when sexual feelings reawaken with (hopefully) appropriate targets?
Genital Stage
Which theory of color vision states that the retinas contain three types of cone cells, each responding best to a particular wavelength of light?
Trichromatic theory
Which theory of personality focuses on the importance of self-actualization and the fulfillment of our capabilities?
Humanism
Which theory of personality proposes that personality is influenced by the interaction of genetic factors and cultural roles?
Cultural Personality
Which theory of personality focuses on describing the characteristics of human personality in order to predict behavior?
Trait Theories of Personality
Which theory of personality proposes that personality is a set of learned responses or habits?
Cognitive Behaviorism
Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of unconditional positive regard and being in touch with one's deep desires and feelings?
Humanism
Which theory of personality proposes that personality is influenced by the perception of our actual characteristics and how we think we should be?
Humanism
Which theory of personality proposes that personality is influenced by the interaction of genetic factors and cultural roles?
Cultural Personality
Which theory of personality focuses on identifying human traits and understanding well-adjusted individuals?
Trait Theories of Personality
Which theory of personality proposes that personality is influenced by the interaction of genetic factors and cultural roles?
Cultural Personality
Which theory of personality proposes that personality is a set of learned responses or habits?
Cognitive Behaviorism
Which company holds the copyright for the text provided?
Pearson Education, Inc.
In what year was the copyright for the text last updated?
2015
How many times is the phrase 'All Rights Reserved' repeated in the text?
5
Test your knowledge on developmental research methods with this quiz! Explore concepts such as longitudinal design and cross-sectional design, and understand how researchers study changes in human development over time.
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