Questions and Answers
What aspect of learning did Skinner emphasize in his behavioral studies?
What developmental aspect did Albert Bandura primarily emphasize in his research?
Which of the following best describes Jean Piaget's view of children in developmental psychology?
What criticism was directed at Piaget's methodology?
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What was one of the key contributions of Skinner's research?
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How did Piaget's influence evolve throughout the history of developmental psychology in the U.S.?
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What area of psychology has Bandura recently focused on?
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What has been a significant shift in developmental psychology research focus?
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Who is often identified as the Father of Classical Developmental Psychology?
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What did baby biographies primarily consist of?
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Which philosopher is credited with creating the first baby biography?
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Which work is frequently cited as beginning the modern child psychology movement?
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What major theory influenced many Western developmental psychologists, including both European and American thinkers?
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Which of the following psychologists was inspired by Darwin and contributed to developmental psychology?
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The ethological school of development is associated with which of the following figures?
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Which of the following best describes Rousseau's view of child development?
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What was the primary focus of the Child Study Movement led by G. Stanley Hall?
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How did G. Stanley Hall contribute to developmental psychology in the United States?
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Which journal was published by G. Stanley Hall that contributed to the field of developmental psychology?
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Which of the following statements accurately describes James Mark Baldwin's contributions to psychology?
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What is a defining characteristic of the approach known as evolutionary psychology?
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Which developmental theorist is often referred to as the 'Father of American Developmental Psychology'?
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Which concept is associated with G. Stanley Hall's approach to child development?
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Which aspect did Baldwin's stage theory initially focus on before expanding to include social development?
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Study Notes
Role of Environmental Influences
- John Locke and later learning theorists highlighted the significant impact of the environment on human development.
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau is recognized as the Father of Classical Developmental Psychology, advocating for the natural development of children through an innate blueprint.
Baby Biographies
- Early documentation of child development emerged through "baby biographies," often subjective accounts by parents.
- Dietrich Tiedemann created the first baby biography in 1787, though it lacked subsequent research.
- Wilhelm Preyer published Die Seele des Kindes in 1882, marking the start of modern child psychology by detailing his son's development.
- Milicent Shinn's The Biography of a Baby (1900) remains one of the best-known American baby biographies.
Influence of Darwin
- Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species (1859) significantly influenced Western developmental psychology, emphasizing adaptation and individual differences.
- Wilhelm Preyer inspired various European developmentalists, including Karl Bühler and William Stern.
- Ethological development emerged from Darwinian principles, with contributions from Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen.
- John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth's work on attachment stems from ethological approaches.
- American psychologists G. Stanley Hall and James Mark Baldwin were notably influenced by Darwin's theories.
Child Study Movement
- The child study movement of the late 19th century promoted children's welfare and influenced laws on child labor and education.
- G. Stanley Hall was a key figure, linking the movement to the scientific understanding of child development.
- He established the first journal of developmental psychology, Pedagogical Seminary, in 1891, later known as the Journal of Genetic Psychology.
- Hall authored Adolescence (1904) and Senescence (1922), broadening the scope of developmental psychology and earning the title "Father of American Developmental Psychology."
Four Pioneer Developmentalists
- James Mark Baldwin proposed an early stage theory of cognitive development, later expanding to social development.
- B.F. Skinner, a behaviorist, emphasized operant conditioning and its application in behavior modification, particularly for children with autism.
- Albert Bandura shifted the focus towards social learning theory, highlighting modeling and its effects on behavior, aggression, and altruism.
Genetic Epistemology of Jean Piaget
- Jean Piaget's theories became central to American developmental psychology, especially in the 1970s.
- He viewed children as active learners (scientists) who construct complex understandings of the world through distinct developmental stages.
- Criticisms arose regarding his methodology and engagement with other developmentalists, yet his impact remains significant in the field.
Life-Span Psychology
- Initial developmental psychology predominantly centered on childhood and adolescence, with some early explorations into life-span development.
- Recent trends advocate for a comprehensive understanding of development across an individual's entire life.
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Description
Explore the contributions of Locke and Rousseau to developmental psychology in this quiz. Discover how their views on the environment and innate stages of development shaped our understanding of child growth. Test your knowledge on these foundational theories and their implications.
