Podcast
Questions and Answers
What did Triplett's experiment primarily investigate?
What did Triplett's experiment primarily investigate?
- Group dynamics in decision making
- The impact of social presence on performance (correct)
- The role of prejudice in behavior
- The effects of authority on individual behavior
What are the three components of attitudes as identified by Allport?
What are the three components of attitudes as identified by Allport?
- Cognitive, Affective, Behavioral
- Cognitive, Emotional, Social
- Cognitive, Affective, Emotional (correct)
- Cognitive, Behavioral, Social
What does Lewin's Field Theory suggest about behavior?
What does Lewin's Field Theory suggest about behavior?
- Behavior is a function of individual personality only.
- Behavior is shaped mainly by social norms.
- Behavior is influenced by interactions between individuals and their environments. (correct)
- Behavior is solely determined by genetics.
What was a significant finding of Asch's conformity experiment?
What was a significant finding of Asch's conformity experiment?
What is the main ethical concern related to Milgram's obedience experiments?
What is the main ethical concern related to Milgram's obedience experiments?
What concept did Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment primarily explore?
What concept did Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment primarily explore?
What does the B in Lewin's behavior formula B = f(P, E) represent?
What does the B in Lewin's behavior formula B = f(P, E) represent?
In the context of social psychology, what does the term 'bystander effect' refer to?
In the context of social psychology, what does the term 'bystander effect' refer to?
What phenomenon describes how individuals may act more aggressively when others are around, as demonstrated in the Stanford Prison Experiment?
What phenomenon describes how individuals may act more aggressively when others are around, as demonstrated in the Stanford Prison Experiment?
What term describes the concept that well-intentioned individuals can engage in harmful behaviors due to situational influences?
What term describes the concept that well-intentioned individuals can engage in harmful behaviors due to situational influences?
Which research method allows for the observation of behavior without interference or influence?
Which research method allows for the observation of behavior without interference or influence?
In correlational studies, what is it called when both variables move in the same direction?
In correlational studies, what is it called when both variables move in the same direction?
Which statement best describes the role of a control group in an experiment?
Which statement best describes the role of a control group in an experiment?
Which principle emphasizes that actions are judged by whether they adhere to moral rules, regardless of the consequences?
Which principle emphasizes that actions are judged by whether they adhere to moral rules, regardless of the consequences?
What is one of the weaknesses associated with correlational studies?
What is one of the weaknesses associated with correlational studies?
Which type of observation systematically records behavior for analysis?
Which type of observation systematically records behavior for analysis?
According to utilitarianism, what determines whether an action is morally acceptable?
According to utilitarianism, what determines whether an action is morally acceptable?
What is the primary function of ethics in research?
What is the primary function of ethics in research?
Study Notes
The Development of Social Psychology
- Norman Triplett (1898) conducted an experiment to see if the presence of others impacted performance in cyclists, which laid the foundation for social facilitation theory.
- Gordon Allport (1920s / 1930s) explored attitudes and prejudice, believing that behavior is influenced by predispositions shaped by individual experiences.
- Kurt Lewin (1930s / 1940s) emphasized the interaction between individuals and their environments and pioneered the study of group dynamics and leadership styles.
- Solomon Asch (1940s / 1950s) demonstrated the influence of conformity through his experiments where participants conformed to incorrect group answers.
- Stanley Milgram (1960s) explored obedience to authority, with his shock experiment highlighting how individuals are willing to engage in harmful behavior when directed by someone in a position of power.
- Philip Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment (1971) illustrated the impact of situational factors on behavior, showcasing the rapid internalization of roles and escalation of abuse.
- Latane & Darley (1960s / 1970s) researched the bystander effect, highlighting how the presence of other individuals can decrease the likelihood of intervening in an emergency.
Research Methods in Social Psychology
- Observation involves passively observing behavior in natural settings, with types including casual and systematic observation.
- Surveys and self-reports are used to gather information through questionnaires, providing insights into preferences, beliefs, and attitudes.
- Correlational studies examine relationships between variables, determining whether they increase or decrease together (positive or negative correlation) or have no apparent relationship.
- Experiments are scientific tests used to understand how manipulating an independent variable affects a dependent variable by comparing the effect of different conditions on experimental and control groups.
- Quasi-experiments are similar to traditional experiments but do not involve random assignment of participants to groups, potentially weakening causal inferences.
Ethics
- Research ethics guides the scientific enterprise to ensure it aligns with societal and moral principles.
- Morality relates to universal notions of right and wrong, whereas ethics refers to a set of rules governing acceptable actions as defined by society.
- Deontology focuses on following moral rules and duties, considering actions right or wrong based on adherence to these rules, regardless of consequences.
- Utilitarianism determines the morality of actions based on their consequences, prioritizing the maximization of happiness or welfare for all individuals.
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Description
Explore the key milestones in the development of social psychology, from Norman Triplett's foundational experiment on social facilitation to the infamous Stanford Prison Experiment by Philip Zimbardo. Learn about the influential theories and experiments that shaped our understanding of human behavior in social contexts. This quiz covers significant contributions from key figures in the field.
