Dentistry: Acids, Bases, and Salt Ions in the Body
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of calcium ions (Ca2+) in the body?

  • Regulation of enzyme activity
  • Neurotransmitter release and muscle contraction (correct)
  • Regulation of osmolality of blood
  • Structural component of bones and teeth
  • What is the term used to describe a solution with a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution?

  • Hypotonic
  • Hypertonic (correct)
  • Isotonic
  • Homeostatic
  • Which of the following is not considered an excretory product in the body?

  • Carbon dioxide
  • Urine
  • Hair (correct)
  • Sweat
  • Which of the following cations is the most abundant in the living system?

    <p>Ca2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of potassium (K+) ions in the body?

    <p>Muscular activities and neural stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following anions is not commonly found in the living system?

    <p>Cl-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are electrolytes?

    <p>Minerals in the body that have an electric charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when electrolyte levels become too low or too high?

    <p>It causes dehydration or over-hydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects body fluids?

    <p>Blood type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical fluid intake and output in a 70 kg adult per 24 hours?

    <p>The text does not provide this information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the Intracellular Fluid (ICF) and the total body water?

    <p>ICF makes up two-thirds of the total body water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation ECF stand for?

    <p>Extracellular Fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of interstitial fluid in the extracellular fluid (ECF)?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major component of body fluids?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net movement of water from an area of low solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration across a semi-permeable membrane called?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of plasma (intravascular fluids) in the extracellular fluid (ECF)?

    <p>5-8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about non-electrolytes is correct?

    <p>They are mostly organic molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net movement of solute from an area of high solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration called?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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