Acids, Bases and Salt Ions in the Body & Fluids Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of calcium ions (Ca+2) in the body?

  • They regulate neuromuscular activity.
  • They regulate the osmolality of blood.
  • They act as cofactors for enzymes.
  • They are structural components of bones and teeth. (correct)

    • What is the difference between a hypertonic and a hypotonic solution?

  • A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes, while a hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes. (correct)
  • Hypertonic and hypotonic solutions have the same concentration of solutes.
  • A hypertonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes, while a hypotonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes.
  • A hypertonic solution is isotonic, while a hypotonic solution is not.

    • What is the main function of potassium ions (K+) in the body?

  • They regulate the osmolality of blood.
  • They act as cofactors for enzymes.
  • They are structural components of bones and teeth.
  • They affect muscular activities, notably those of the heart, intestines and respiratory tract, and also affect neural stimulation of the skeletal muscles. (correct)

    • Which of the following is the most abundant mineral in the body?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered an excretory product in the body?

    <p>Fecal bile pigments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of magnesium ions (Mg+2) in the body?

    <p>They act as cofactors for enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are electrolytes?

    <p>Elements or compounds that, when dissolved, dissociate into ions and can conduct electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between fluid balance and electrolyte balance in the body?

    <p>The amount of water gained each day equals the amount lost, and the ion gain each day equals the ion loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does age affect body fluid levels?

    <p>Body fluid levels are 80% in babies, 60% in adults, and 40% in the aged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of intracellular fluids (ICF)?

    <p>Cytosol of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a factor that affects body fluid levels?

    <p>Electrolyte balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of total body water that makes up the intracellular fluids (ICF)?

    <p>Two-thirds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of extracellular fluids (ECF) in the body?

    <p>66%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a major component of extracellular fluids (ECF)?

    <p>Intracellular fluid (ICF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of electrolytes in body fluids?

    <p>Regulating osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net movement of water called when it moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration across a semi-permeable membrane?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a major component of body fluids?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of intracellular fluid (ICF) in the body?

    <p>1-2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

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