35 Questions
What type of bond is characteristic of ceramics?
Ionic bond
What is the point where a material exceeds its elastic limit and begins permanent deformation called?
Plastic flow
What is the modulus of elasticity also known as?
Young's modulus
What mechanical property refers to the ability of a material to resist the propagation of a preformed crack?
Fracture strength
In which type of bond are metals characterized?
Metallic bond
What is the fractional change in dimensions caused by force known as?
Strain
What will happen if a restoration is subjected to tensile stress exceeding the yield stress?
It will permanently deform
What type of bond characterizes molecular solids?
Covalent bond
What is the ability of a material to resist deformation under tensile stress known as?
Elastic modulus
What type of bond characterizes polymers?
Covalent bond
What is the ability of a material to resist deformation under compressive stress known as?
Bulk modulus
Which test measures the resistance of a material to an indenter or cutting tool?
Hardness Test
What property refers to the ease of heat transference through a material?
Thermal Conductivity
What type of corrosion involves the release of metal ions into a space, forming corrosion products, and is considered more dangerous than uniform corrosion?
Crevice Corrosion
Which property indicates the amount of plastic strain produced in a specimen at the point of fracture?
Ductility
What type of test subjects materials to fluctuating stresses rather than static loads?
Fatigue Test
What property refers to the rate of rise of temperature at one point due to a heat source at another point?
Thermal Diffusivity
Which type of corrosion involves an electrochemical reaction between a material and its environment, leading to a decrease in free energy?
Wet Corrosion
What property refers to the amount of energy a material can absorb without any permanent deformation?
Resilience
Which test measures the influence of constant stress that will eventually lead to material fracture?
Creep Test
What property refers to the resistance of a material to an indenter or cutting tool?
Hardness
Which property refers to the ability of solids to rearrange molecules under an applied load?
Viscoelasticity
What type of corrosion involves the release of metal ions into water, and is characterized by the reaction of metal with the liquid?
Wet Corrosion
Which mechanical test is used to determine the resistance of a material to an indenter or cutting tool?
Hardness Test
What property refers to the amount of energy a material can absorb without any permanent deformation?
Resilience
What property measures the stress required to break a material?
Fracture Toughness
Which property refers to the maximum stress that a specimen can withstand before failure?
Ultimate Tensile Strength
What type of stress is characterized by fluctuating stresses rather than static loads?
Fatigue Stress
Which property measures the ease of heat transference through a material?
Thermal Conductivity
What property refers to the rate of rise of temperature at one point due to a heat source at another point?
Thermal Diffusivity
What type of corrosion is characterized by the release of metal ions into space forming corrosion products?
Crevice Corrosion
Which type of corrosion takes place in neutral, acid, or alkaline environments?
Wet Corrosion
What is the property that allows passage of light in such a way that little distortion takes place?
Translucency
What property refers to the resistance of a material to an indenter or cutting tool?
Hardness
Which type of test measures the influence of constant stress that will eventually lead to material fracture?
Creep Test
Study Notes
Bonding Characteristics
- Ceramics are characterized by ionic bonds.
- Metals are characterized by metallic bonds.
- Molecular solids are characterized by Van der Waals bonds.
- Polymers are characterized by covalent bonds.
Mechanical Properties
- The point where a material exceeds its elastic limit and begins permanent deformation is called the yield point.
- The modulus of elasticity is also known as Young's modulus.
- The ability of a material to resist deformation under tensile stress is known as strength.
- The ability of a material to resist deformation under compressive stress is known as stiffness.
- The ability of a material to resist the propagation of a preformed crack is known as fracture toughness.
- If a restoration is subjected to tensile stress exceeding the yield stress, it will undergo permanent deformation.
Material Properties
- The fractional change in dimensions caused by force is known as strain.
- The ability of a material to resist deformation under stress is known as toughness.
- The ability of a material to absorb energy without permanent deformation is known as resilience.
- The ability of a material to conduct heat is known as thermal conductivity.
- The ability of a material to transmit light with little distortion is known as transparency.
Corrosion Types
- Crevice corrosion involves the release of metal ions into a space, forming corrosion products, and is considered more dangerous than uniform corrosion.
- Electrochemical corrosion involves an electrochemical reaction between a material and its environment, leading to a decrease in free energy.
- Hydrogen corrosion involves the release of metal ions into water, and is characterized by the reaction of metal with the liquid.
Material Tests
- The hardness test measures the resistance of a material to an indenter or cutting tool.
- The creep test measures the influence of constant stress that will eventually lead to material fracture.
- The fatigue test subjects materials to fluctuating stresses rather than static loads.
- The ultimate tensile strength test measures the stress required to break a material.
- The toughness test measures the ability of a material to absorb energy without permanent deformation.
Test your knowledge of basic science for dental materials with this quiz. Explore the history of dental materials, the properties of ceramics, metals, and molecular solids, and the three principle types of stress. See how much you know about the science behind dental materials.
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