Dental Disorders: Hard Tissue Abnormalities
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of Amelogenesis Imperfecta?

  • Defects in enamel matrix mineralization
  • Defects in dentin formation
  • Defects in the genes that encode enamel matrix proteins (correct)
  • Defects in tooth eruption

Which of the following genes is NOT involved in Amelogenesis Imperfecta?

  • Dentin Sialophosphoprotein (correct)
  • Tuftelin
  • Enamelin
  • AMELX

What is the classification of Amelogenesis Imperfecta based on?

  • Pattern of inheritance, type of defect, and appearance (correct)
  • Pattern of inheritance, type of defect, and age of onset
  • Type of defect, appearance, and tooth structure
  • Pattern of inheritance, type of defect, and tooth structure

What is the primary function of Enamel Matrix Proteins?

<p>Formation of enamel matrix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of hereditary defects in enamel formation?

<p>Affects both permanent and deciduous teeth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defect in H. enamel hypoplasia?

<p>Problem in matrix formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following proteins is NOT involved in enamel matrix formation?

<p>Collagen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the gene encoding amelogenin?

<p>AMELX (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of tooth color in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta?

<p>Abnormality in dentin sialoprotein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the crowns of teeth in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta?

<p>Normal size with a constricted neck (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for rapid loss of enamel in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta?

<p>Due to poor support by abnormal soft dentin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the roots of teeth in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta?

<p>Short and stunted (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the pulp in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta?

<p>Numerous pulp stones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of dentinal tubules in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta?

<p>Fewer in number, widely spaced, larger in diameter than normal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the enamel-dentin junction in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta?

<p>Straight rather than scalloped (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relation between Dentinogenesis Imperfecta and Osteogenesis Imperfecta?

<p>Dentinogenesis Imperfecta is a subset of Osteogenesis Imperfecta (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of internal resorption leading to a progressive resorptive process in the pulp chamber or root canals?

<p>Precipitating factors such as infection or trauma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic radiographic appearance of internal resorption?

<p>Balloon-like dilatation of the canal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate treatment for internal resorption to avoid perforation of the tooth?

<p>Root canal treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common location of external resorption?

<p>Apical and mid portions of the root (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic radiographic appearance of external resorption?

<p>Moth-eaten loss of tooth structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Turner's hypoplasia?

<p>Local factor such as trauma or infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for defects in tooth structure that are hereditary or acquired?

<p>Hard tissue defects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a severe form of dentinogenesis imperfecta?

<p>Shell tooth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is noted for being involved in regulating the formation and mineralization of enamel?

<p>Amelogenin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Amelogenesis Imperfecta is associated with normal enamel matrix but defective mineralization?

<p>Hypocalcification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of Amelogenesis Imperfecta leads to thin enamel with vertical pitted grooves?

<p>Hypoplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance, when defective, typically leads to softer enamel and a rough surface texture?

<p>Amelogenin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes hypomaturation from other types of Amelogenesis Imperfecta?

<p>Normal thickness but soft enamel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of Amelogenesis Imperfecta is often associated with small teeth and loss of contact points?

<p>Hypoplasia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of Amelogenesis Imperfecta is associated with enamel that is frequently stained and prone to exogenous discoloration over time?

<p>Hypocalcification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is crucial for the initial mineralization and hardness of enamel but is typically removed during maturation?

<p>Amelogenin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of dental fluorosis involves yellowish or brown staining of the enamel?

<p>Moderate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is disrupted due to increased fluoride levels leading to dental fluorosis?

<p>Ameloblastic function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which histological feature is characteristic of dental fluorosis?

<p>Defective calcified prisms and interprismatic substance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enamel matrix protein is critical for the initiation of enamel mineralization?

<p>Tuftelin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for dental fluorosis characterized by pitted, opaque, brown staining?

<p>Mottled enamel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of amelogenesis is disrupted by excess fluoride, leading to dental fluorosis?

<p>Secretory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which classification describes enamel that is grossly defective, brittle, and easily chipped away?

<p>Severe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein plays a significant role in the framework formation of enamel?

<p>Amelogenin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cause of Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Defects in genes encoding enamel matrix proteins.

Gene NOT in Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Dentin Sialophosphoprotein.

Amelogenesis Imperfecta Classification

Based on pattern of inheritance, type of defect, and appearance.

Enamel Matrix Protein Function

Form enamel matrix.

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Characteristic of hereditary enamel defects

Affects both permanent and deciduous teeth.

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H. enamel hypoplasia primary defect

Problem in matrix formation.

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Protein NOT in enamel matrix

Collagen.

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Gene encoding amelogenin

AMELX.

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Cause of tooth color in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Abnormality in dentin sialoprotein.

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Dentinogenesis Imperfecta crown characteristic

Normal size, constricted neck

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Rapid enamel loss in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Poor support by abnormal soft dentin.

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Dentinogenesis Imperfecta root characteristic

Short and stunted.

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Dentinogenesis Imperfecta pulp feature

Numerous pulp stones.

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Dentin tubules in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Fewer, wider, spaced.

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Enamel-dentin junction in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Straight, rather than scalloped.

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Dentinogenesis Imperfecta and Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Dentinogenesis is a subset of Osteogenesis.

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Internal resorption cause

Infection or trauma.

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Internal resorption radiographic appearance

Balloon-like canal dilatation.

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Internal resorption treatment

Root canal treatment to avoid perforation.

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External resorption location

Apical and mid root portions.

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External resorption radiographic appearance

Moth-eaten tooth loss.

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Turner's hypoplasia cause

Trauma or infection.

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Hard tissue defects definition

Hereditary or acquired tooth structure problems.

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Severe dentinogenesis imperfecta

Shell tooth.

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Enamel framework protein

Amelogenin.

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Hypocalcification

Normal enamel matrix but problematic mineralization.

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Hypoplasia

Thin enamel with vertical pits.

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