Dental Anomalies Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which dental anomaly is characterized by an extraordinary curving or angulation of the tooth root?

Taurodontism

Dilaceration (correct)

Enamel pearl

Dens invaginatus

What is another term for dens invaginatus?

Enamel pearl

Supernumerary teeth

Tooth within a tooth (correct)

Dens evaginatus

Which teeth are most commonly affected by dens invaginatus?

Maxillary lateral incisors (correct)

Mandibular molars

Mandibular canines

Maxillary premolars

Which anomaly is described as an anomalous tubercle or cusp located in the center of the occlusal surface?

Dens evaginatus Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of taurodontism?

An enlarged body and pulp chamber Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'mesiodens'?

A supernumerary tooth in the anterior midline Signup and view all the answers

Where are enamel pearls most commonly found?

At the furcation area of the roots Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is LEAST likely to harbor supernumerary teeth?

Incisors Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of enamel pearls?

They are often located on the root surface. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tooth wear is primarily caused by an external chemical process not involving bacteria?

Erosion Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with teeth that appear chipped at the gum line. Which condition is MOST likely the cause?

Abfraction Signup and view all the answers

Complete anodontia is MOST strongly associated with which condition?

Ectodermal dysplasia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between abrasion and attrition?

Abrasion is due to mechanical forces other than opposing teeth, while attrition involves opposing teeth. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these situations is classified as 'false anodontia'?

A patient has lost teeth due to extraction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of abfraction lesions?

Microfractures from heavy loads on the cervical area. Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with worn down teeth which are also translucent. Which condition MOST likely accounts for this?

Erosion Signup and view all the answers

In which condition do all teeth appear smaller than normal?

Generalized Microdontia Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of gemination?

Fusion of two teeth from a single enamel organ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term concrescence?

Joining of adjacent teeth by cementum. Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely consequence of generalized macrodontia due to insufficient space?

Overcrowding and abnormal eruption patterns Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes localized microdontia from generalized microdontia?

Localized microdontia affects a single tooth only, while generalized affects all teeth. Signup and view all the answers

Which teeth are most commonly affected by concrescence?

Maxillary second and third molars Signup and view all the answers

In fusion, what structures might be shared between teeth?

Cementum and dentin maybe shared; root canals may or may not be shared. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of localized macrodontia?

One single tooth is seen as abnormally large. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of tooth impaction?

Localized trauma Signup and view all the answers

What type of enamel defect is characterized by a normal amount of enamel, but with impaired mineralization?

Enamel hypocalcification Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT influence the effects of enamel hypoplasia?

Patient's age at the time of exposure Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with enamel defects on a permanent tooth due to a periapical inflammatory disease of the overlying deciduous tooth. The affected tooth is known as a:

Turner’s tooth Signup and view all the answers

Why are anterior teeth less frequently affected by Turner's hypoplasia?

Anterior crown formation is usually complete before development of apical inflammatory disease. Signup and view all the answers

Systemic factors generally impact developing teeth if they occur:

After birth and before the age of six. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cited cause for enamel hypoplasia or hypocalcification?

Osteoporosis Signup and view all the answers

Hutchinson’s incisors are characterized by:

Tapered incisally and notched centrally on the incisal edge. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of 'mulberry molars'?

Lobulated or crenated occlusal surface Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes fluorosis?

A condition caused by excessive fluoride intake during tooth development. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of hypoplastic teeth seen in amelogenesis imperfecta?

Insufficient amounts of enamel with pits, grooves, or complete absence Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between hypoplastic and hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta?

Hypoplastic enamel has insufficient amount, while hypocalcified enamel has normal quantity but is soft. Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe the unusual translucent, opalescent appearance of teeth seen in dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Opalescent dentin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Dentinogenesis Imperfecta type I and type II?

Type I is associated with bone disease, while type II is not. Signup and view all the answers

In dentinogenesis imperfecta type III, what is a distinctive feature of the dentine and pulp?

Dentine appears thin and the pulp and root canals are large Signup and view all the answers

How does dentine dysplasia type I differ from type II in terms of color of dentition and periapical lesions?

Type I has normal colored dentition in both primary and permanent, and type II has opalescent in primary dentition, type I has periapical lesions and type II rarely does Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of type I dentinogenesis imperfecta crowns?

Premature loss due to short roots Signup and view all the answers

In Regional Odontodysplasia, which of the following is NOT typically observed?

Thick and highly mineralized enamel Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical microscopic features of dentin in type II dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Atypical tubular patterns with amorphous, irregular organization Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates true denticles from false denticles?

Composition of dentine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cellular activity associated with internal resorption?

Activation of osteoclasts or dentinoclasts Signup and view all the answers

Where does external resorption commonly begin?

Immediately apical to the CEJ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can be classified as an exogenous stain?

Stains from food or bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical color progression associated with tetracycline staining during tooth development?

Yellow to grey to brown Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anomalies of Teeth

Teeth anomalies can be categorized by alterations in size, shape, or number.

Alterations in Size (Microdontia)

Generalized Microdontia: All teeth are smaller than normal, often associated with pituitary dwarfism. They may appear small relative to a large jaw.
Localized Microdontia: A single tooth is smaller than normal, and its shape is also altered. Examples include peg lateral incisors, maxillary third molars, and supernumerary teeth.

Alterations in Size (Macrodontia)

Generalized Macrodontia: Teeth appear enlarged, for example, in pituitary gigantism. This enlargement can lead to overcrowding and abnormal tooth eruption patterns due to insufficient space.
Localized Macrodontia: An abnormality affects a single tooth, often a third molar, and shows an unusually enlarged size.

Alterations in Shape

Gemination: Two teeth form from a single enamel organ. Two crowns share the same root; partial or complete cleavage may cause two separate teeth.
Fusion: Two developing tooth germs join, creating a single, large tooth structure. Fusion may involve the entire length of the teeth or only the roots. Root canals may be separate or fused.

Alterations in Shape (Other)

Concrescence: Adjacent teeth fuse together through their cementum, commonly in maxillary second and third molars.
Dilaceration: Teeth roots have irregular curving or angulation, making extractions and root canal treatment challenging.
Dens Invaginatus (Dens in dente): A tooth within a tooth, manifested as an exaggerated lingual pit, common in maxillary lateral incisors, and often bilateral.
Dens Evaginatus: A small tubercle or cusp located centrally on the occlusal surface of a tooth. Often bilateral.
Taurodontism: Teeth featuring an enlarged body and pulp chamber; the apical displacement also occurs, commonly in multirooted teeth, appearing 'bull-like' on radiographs.

Alterations in Number (Anodontia)

Anodontia: Absence of teeth.
- Complete anodontia: All teeth are missing.
- Partial anodontia: One or a few teeth are missing, commonly third molars, followed by second premolars and maxillary laterals.
- Pseudoanodontia: Teeth are clinically missing due to impaction or delayed eruption.
- False anodontia: Teeth have exfoliated or been extracted.
Complete anodontia is sometimes associated with ectodermal dysplasia.

Other Anomalies (Impaction)

Impaction: Third molars and maxillary canines are commonly impacted, often due to crowding or physical barriers. Unusual tooth germ orientation or fusion of bone around the tooth (ankylosis) may also play a role.

Defects of Enamel

Environmental Defects: External factors during enamel formation (e.g., prolonged illness, trauma, malnutrition) can cause defects like hypoplasia (quantitatively defective enamel) and hypocalcification (qualitatively defective enamel).
Turner's Hypoplasia: Enamel defects due to inflammation of the underlying deciduous tooth. Anterior teeth are less affected as they form earlier.
Systemic factors: Factors like congenital syphilis, nutritional deficiencies (like rickets), birth trauma, fluoride exposure, and idiopathic causes can lead to enamel hypoplasia or hypocalcification affecting teeth formed before age six.
Fluorosis: Hypocalcification caused by high fluoride levels in drinking water during tooth crown formation. May present as white spots to pitted, irregular, discoloured enamel.

Defects of Dentine

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta: Autosomal dominant trait. Affecting both primary and permanent teeth. Three types, primarily affecting primary teeth with dentin abnormality often associated with osteogenesis imperfecta. Characterized by opalescent dentin with easily fractured enamel. Features include a discolored, often translucent or opalescent crown, excessive constriction at the CEJ, and tulip or bell-shaped crowns.

Other Defects

Dentine Dysplasia: Rare autosomal dominant trait. Two types, radicular (Type I) and coronal (Type II). Primary teeth are sometimes more affected than permanent teeth in Type I Dentin Dysplasia, with short roots and potential premature loss. Type II has larger pulp chambers and opalescent primary teeth.
Regional Odontodysplasia: Anomalies involving both enamel and dentine, affecting the hard tissues derived from epithelial and mesenchymal components. Features include short roots, open apical foramina, enlarged pulp chambers, and sometimes "ghost teeth”. The permanent teeth are more affected, and eruption is often delayed.
Pulp Calcification: Calcifications (pulp stones) may be linear or nodular, occurring more commonly with increasing age, and often composed of dentine (true denticles) or foci of dystrophic calcification (false denticles). Often categorized as 'attached' or 'free'.

Resorption

Internal Resorption: Resorption of dentin as a reaction to injury or as an unexplained trigger; occurs due to osteoclast or dentinoclast activation on the root's internal surfaces, often followed by reversal lines indicating repair attempts.
External Resorption: Resorption of dentin from external factors like chronic inflammation, cysts, benign tumors, malignant neoplasms, trauma, re-implantation, or impaction.

Stains

Exogenous Stains: Stainable substances ingested in food or produced by bacteria, removable with abrasives.
Endogenous Stains: Caused by substances circulating in the body during tooth development, like tetracycline (causing yellow-gray-brown staining). Other factors include Rh incompatibility (staining green-brown) or congenital porphyria (red-brown staining) due to porphyrin deposition.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various dental anomalies, including definitions, characteristics, and affected teeth. This quiz covers topics like dens invaginatus, taurodontism, and supernumerary teeth. Challenge yourself and see how much you really know about dental conditions!