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Questions and Answers
What property of a material does density measure?
What property of a material does density measure?
- The weight of the material
- The color of the material
- The amount of space it occupies
- The amount of mass in a certain volume (correct)
Why does a brick sink in water while a liter of water floats?
Why does a brick sink in water while a liter of water floats?
- Brick has a greater density than water (correct)
- Brick is lighter than water
- Brick has a lower density than water
- Water is heavier than bricks
What is specific gravity a ratio of?
What is specific gravity a ratio of?
- The mass of a mineral to the mass of an equal volume of rocks
- The mass of a mineral to the mass of an equal volume of sand
- The mass of a mineral to the mass of an equal volume of air
- The mass of a mineral to the mass of an equal volume of water (correct)
How do different minerals' densities relate to their specific gravities?
How do different minerals' densities relate to their specific gravities?
What is the first step to determine the density of an unknown specimen?
What is the first step to determine the density of an unknown specimen?
Why is it necessary to determine how much water an unknown sample displaces when measuring its density?
Why is it necessary to determine how much water an unknown sample displaces when measuring its density?
What characteristic makes a mineral suitable for use in measuring density?
What characteristic makes a mineral suitable for use in measuring density?
What is the volume of the sample in cubic centimeters (cc)?
What is the volume of the sample in cubic centimeters (cc)?
How is density calculated?
How is density calculated?
What is the specific gravity of the sample?
What is the specific gravity of the sample?
What is the specific gravity range for most common rock-forming minerals?
What is the specific gravity range for most common rock-forming minerals?
Which mineral has a specific gravity of about 2.65?
Which mineral has a specific gravity of about 2.65?
What property determines the identity of the sample as galena?
What property determines the identity of the sample as galena?
What is the mass of an equal volume of water when 20 cc of water was displaced by the sample?
What is the mass of an equal volume of water when 20 cc of water was displaced by the sample?
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Study Notes
Density and Specific Gravity
- Density measures the mass per unit volume of a material
- A brick sinks in water because its density is higher than that of water, whereas a liter of water floats because its density is equal to that of water
Specific Gravity
- Specific gravity is a ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water
- Different minerals have varying densities, which are reflected in their specific gravities
Measuring Density
- The first step in determining the density of an unknown specimen is to measure its mass
- It's necessary to determine how much water the sample displaces to calculate its volume
- A mineral suitable for measuring density should displace a measurable amount of water when submerged
Calculating Density and Specific Gravity
- Density is calculated by dividing the mass of the sample by its volume
- The volume of the sample is typically measured in cubic centimeters (cc)
- Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of the sample to the density of water
- The specific gravity range for most common rock-forming minerals is approximately 2.5-3.5
- Galena has a specific gravity of about 2.65
- The high density of galena is the property that determines its identity
- The mass of an equal volume of water can be calculated by multiplying the volume of water displaced by the density of water (1 g/cc)
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