Density and Specific Gravity Quiz
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Density and Specific Gravity Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does a specific gravity (SG) of 0.72 for gasoline indicate?

  • Gasoline will sink in water.
  • Gasoline is 28% lighter than air.
  • Gasoline weighs 72% of the weight of the same volume of water. (correct)
  • Gasoline is more dense than water.

    • Which factor does NOT affect the specific gravity of aviation fuel?

  • Gravity of the location (correct)
  • Storage temperature
  • Refining process
  • Ambient conditions

    • According to Archimedes’ Principle, what happens to an object submerged in a fluid?

  • It experiences equal pressure from all sides.
  • It displaces a volume of fluid equal to its own volume. (correct)
  • It displaces a weight of fluid equal to its own weight.
  • It exerts a downward force equal to its own weight.

    • What must an object do to float according to the principle of buoyancy?

    <p>Displace more fluid than its weight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between density and floating behavior of materials?

    <p>Lower density materials will float on higher density materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the role of force in changing a body's state of motion?

    <p>Force can start, stop, accelerate, or decelerate a mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for a vector quantity to be defined completely?

    <p>Magnitude and direction are both necessary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes is NOT a way that force can interact with mass?

    <p>Changing the mass's temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When adding vectors, what is the correct method to ensure an accurate resultant vector?

    <p>Move one vector’s tail to the head of the other without altering magnitude or direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best differentiates between scalar and vector quantities?

    <p>Vectors require both magnitude and direction, whereas scalars require only magnitude.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition must be satisfied for an object to be in a state of equilibrium?

    <p>The resultant of all forces acting on it must be zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the moment defined for both load and effort in a lever?

    <p>Load moment is load times load arm, and effort moment is force times effort arm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary characteristic of a simple machine, such as a lever?

    <p>It should provide a mechanical advantage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the scenario of a car being equally pushed from both ends, what happens to the resultant force?

    <p>The car remains stationary with zero resultant force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of resolving a vector into its components?

    <p>To simplify calculations of resultant forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will occur if the load moment exceeds the effort moment in a lever system?

    <p>The lever will not lift the load and may collapse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the function of the tension force in the chain?

    <p>It can be resolved into horizontal and vertical components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a scenario where multiple forces act on a body at various angles, how is the resultant force calculated?

    <p>By resolving each force into components and summing them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the fulcrum play in the moment balance of a lever?

    <p>It is the pivot point around which moments are calculated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the resultant of all forces acting on an object is not zero?

    <p>The object's state of motion changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Density and Specific Gravity

    • Specific gravity measures the weight of a substance compared to the weight of an equal volume of water.
    • Gasoline has a specific gravity of 0.72, meaning it weighs 72% of the same volume of water.
    • Objects with lower density float on objects with higher density.
    • The specific gravity of aviation fuel varies due to refining processes, storage facilities, and ambient conditions.

    Refuelling

    • The specific gravity of aviation fuel is used to calculate the volume of fuel needed to achieve the requested weight.
    • The formula is: Weight of fuel (kg) = Volume (litres) x Specific Gravity

    Archimedes’ Principle

    • An object submerged in a fluid displaces a volume of fluid equal to its own volume.
    • The pressure at the bottom of a submerged object is greater than at the top, creating an upward force called upthrust.
    • The upthrust force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
    • If the upthrust force is greater than the object’s weight, the object will float.

    Forces, Moments, and Couples

    • A force can change a body’s state of motion. Forces can start, stop, accelerate, or decelerate a mass.
    • Vectors describe quantities with both magnitude and direction.
    • To add vectors, move one vector’s tail to the other’s head.
    • Moments involve a force acting at a distance from a pivot point, called the fulcrum.
    • The moment’s magnitude is calculated by multiplying the force by the distance from the fulcrum (moment arm).
    • A lever is an example of a simple machine with a mechanical advantage (MA).
    • MA refers to the ratio of the output force to the input force.
    • Velocity ratio (VR) is the ratio of the input speed to the output speed.
    • A couple is a twisting force produced by two equal and opposite forces acting parallel to each other on a body with a rotational axis.

    Centre of Gravity

    • Center of Gravity (CG) is the point where the weight of a body is concentrated.
    • The CG of a uniform object is located at its geometric center.
    • Irregularly shaped objects can have their CG determined by finding the intersection of verticals from two different suspension points.
    • An object freely suspended from one point will hang with its CG in the vertical line passing through the suspension point.
    • Shifting passengers, baggage, or fuel can change an aircraft’s CG.
    • Aircraft manufacturers define a safe range for CG position to ensure control and stability.

    Rotating Objects

    • A perfectly balanced disc or wheel will have its CG coinciding with its axis of rotation.
    • Uneven dimensions, wear, or damage can cause the CG of an object to shift, creating imbalances.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of density, specific gravity, and Archimedes' principle with this quiz. Explore how these concepts apply to substances like gasoline and aviation fuel. Determine how specific gravity impacts refueling calculations and buoyancy.

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