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Dengue Fever Overview and Symptoms

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Questions and Answers

What type of organism is responsible for the transmission of dengue fever?

Flea

Virus

Bacteria

Aedes mosquito (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of dengue fever?

Skin rash

Swollen lymph nodes (correct)

High fever

Severe abdominal pain

What is the primary method used to diagnose dengue fever?

Urine test

CT scan

Blood test (correct)

X-ray

How many dengue virus types are there that can cause dengue fever?

Four Signup and view all the answers

What does the MAC-ELISA test detect in a blood sample?

Antibodies against dengue virus Signup and view all the answers

Which region is NOT commonly associated with high cases of dengue fever?

Northern Europe Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to identify genetic material from the dengue virus?

Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) Signup and view all the answers

What is an expected result of a Complete Blood Count (CBC) test in dengue fever patients?

Drop in white blood cells and platelets Signup and view all the answers

Which vaccine is specifically recommended for individuals who have previously had dengue fever?

Dengvaxia Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended age range for Dengvaxia vaccination?

6–45 years Signup and view all the answers

How many doses are required for the Qdenga vaccine?

Two doses Signup and view all the answers

Which preventive measure is NOT recommended for reducing the risk of dengue infection?

Drinking alcohol Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of environmental management in dengue control?

To prevent mosquitoes from accessing egg-laying habitats Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with dengue fever?

Nausea and vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct action to take if you experience severe symptoms after contracting dengue?

Contact your doctor as soon as possible Signup and view all the answers

Which insect repellent ingredients are recommended for preventing dengue?

DEET, Picaridin or IR3535 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dengue Fever Overview

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral illness caused by four related viruses.
It's transmitted by the bite of an Aedes mosquito infected with a dengue virus.
Transmission occurs when an infected mosquito bites a person, and the mosquito takes the virus and then transmits.
Humans do not transmit dengue directly to each other.
Globally, approximately 400 million people are infected annually with dengue, with 100 million developing mild to severe illness.
Commonly found in tropical regions like Southeast Asia, the western Pacific, Latin America, and Africa. Cases in the U.S. are often related to travel.
Risk of infection is increasing in parts of the southern U.S.

Symptoms

Symptoms include high fever, headache, pain behind the eyes, joint/bone pain, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, and skin rash.

Transmission Cycle

Mosquito bites an infected person.
The mosquito becomes infected.
The infected mosquito bites others, infecting them.
This cycle of infection continues within communities.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves blood tests for dengue viruses.
Methods include serological/antibody tests, MAC-ELISA tests, molecular tests (like NAATs and PCR), and complete blood count (CBC).
Antibody tests detect proteins the body makes against the virus.
MAC-ELISA detects proteins fighting dengue fever.
Molecular tests identify genetic material of the virus.
NAATs amplify the virus's DNA for detection.
PCR is a type of NAAT.
CBC counts blood cells; dengue can affect white blood cells and platelets.

Dengue Vaccine

Dengue vaccines have been under development since the 1920s.
Dengvaxia (licensed by Sanofi Pasteur) is the only FDA-approved vaccine.
Qdenga, approved in the European Union, is another vaccine.
Dengvaxia is recommended for people with previous dengue or living in high-risk areas. Given in three doses over six months, and for individuals aged 6–45 (or 9–60 in some countries).
Qdenga is for those without prior dengue infection. Given in two doses over three months, and for individuals aged four and above.

Prevention and Control

Mosquitoes are active during the day.
Prevent bites using clothing, mosquito nets (especially if sleeping during the day and treated with repellent), window screens, and repellent creams (including DEET, Picaridin, or IR3535).
Prevent breeding by removing standing water. Dispose of waste, cover and empty water containers weekly, and use appropriate insecticides.
Treatment consists of rest, fluids, acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain (avoid ibuprofen and aspirin), and monitoring for severe symptoms and contacting a healthcare professional promptly.

Conclusion

Dengue is a significant health issue in tropical areas.
Early recognition of symptoms is essential for better outcomes.
Prevention via mosquito control and personal protection is key to reducing risk.

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Description

Explore the essential information about Dengue fever, including its causes, symptoms, and transmission cycle. This quiz covers the basics of how the disease spreads and the impacts it has on global health. Test your knowledge on this important public health topic.