Dengue Fever: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention, Treatment, and Transmission

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Questions and Answers

Relaciona los siguientes síntomas con el dengue: dolor de cabeza severo, dolor retroocular, náuseas y vómitos, sarpullido y fiebre.

Dolor de cabeza severo = Síntoma del dengue Dolor retroocular = Síntoma del dengue Náuseas y vómitos = Síntoma del dengue Sarpullido y fiebre = Síntoma del dengue

Relaciona los siguientes factores con el aumento de casos de dengue en todo el mundo: urbanización, cambio climático, migración y turismo.

Urbanización = Factor contribuyente al aumento de casos de dengue Cambio climático = Factor contribuyente al aumento de casos de dengue Migración = Factor contribuyente al aumento de casos de dengue Turismo = Factor contribuyente al aumento de casos de dengue

Asocia los siguientes virus con el dengue: DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 y DEN-4.

DEN-1 = Serotipo del virus del dengue DEN-2 = Serotipo del virus del dengue DEN-3 = Serotipo del virus del dengue DEN-4 = Serotipo del virus del dengue

Relaciona los siguientes mosquitos con la transmisión del dengue: Ae.aegypti y Ae.albopictus.

Ae.aegypti = Mosquito que transmite el dengue Ae.albopictus = Mosquito que transmite el dengue Signup and view all the answers

Vincula los siguientes síntomas graves con el dengue hemorrágico: falla cardiovascular, sangrado interno y shock.

Falla cardiovascular = Complicación asociada al dengue hemorrágico Sangrado interno = Complicación asociada al dengue hemorrágico Shock = Complicación asociada al dengue hemorrágico Signup and view all the answers

Relaciona los siguientes síntomas con el dengue:

Fiebre alta = Cefalea y dolor detrás de los ojos Dolor muscular y articular = Erupciones cutáneas Náuseas y vómitos = Sangrado de encías Fatiga extrema = Dolor abdominal intenso Signup and view all the answers

Asocia los siguientes métodos de prevención con el dengue:

Uso de repelente de insectos = Eliminación de criaderos de mosquitos Uso de redes mosquiteras tratadas = Vestir ropa que cubra brazos y piernas Promoción de la conciencia pública sobre transmisión del dengue = Desarrollo de vacunas efectivas Mejora del acceso a servicios de atención médica para diagnóstico temprano = Realización de fumigaciones en casas Signup and view all the answers

Relaciona los siguientes tratamientos con el dengue:

Terapia de reemplazo de líquidos = Transfusiones sanguíneas Terapia de reemplazo de plaquetas = Infusión de plasma fresco congelado Infusión de albúmina = Mantenimiento de la presión sanguínea adecuada Cuidado de apoyo = Reconocimiento temprano de síntomas Signup and view all the answers

Asocia las siguientes causas del dengue con su transmisión:

Picadura de mosquitos infectados = Saliva del mosquito como vehículo principal Exposición a superficies contaminadas = Transmisión por contacto humano a humano Ciclo vital del mosquito desde la puesta de huevos = Desarrollo larval hasta convertirse en adulto Búsqueda de hospedadores por parte del mosquito hembra = Ataque durante la toma de sangre Signup and view all the answers

Relaciona las siguientes intervenciones comunitarias con su efectividad en la prevención del dengue:

Reducción de criaderos de mosquitos = Fumigación en casas Rociado intradomiciliario = Implementación conjunta con medidas personales Disminución efectiva de poblaciones vectoriales = Ataques múltiples antes de morir por inanición o depredación Búsqueda de hospedadores en un radio cercano al sitio de reproducción del mosquito hembra = Procesos que dependen de las condiciones ambientales Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dengue Fever: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention, Treatment, and Transmission

Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes. It's caused by any of four distinct serotypes of the dengue virus: DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4. There are several factors contributing to the increase in dengue cases worldwide: urbanization, climate change, migration, and tourism, which have brought humans into contact with mosquito vectors more frequently and expanded their range through travel and trade.

Causes del Dengue

The primary cause of dengue fever is the Aedes mosquito; specifically, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus species of this genus transmit the disease between people who live in close proximity. These mosquitoes can thrive in both urban and rural environments, which has led to a global rise in dengue transmission in recent years.

Síntomas del Dengue

Dengue symptoms usually appear within three to seven days after infection and may include severe headache, retro-orbital pain, nausea and vomiting, rash, and fever. Not everyone with dengue will develop severe illness, known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), but those who do often require hospitalization due to complications such as cardiovascular failure, internal bleeding, and shock.

Prevención del Dengue

Preventive measures include avoiding mosquito bites, eliminating breeding sites around homes and communities, promoting public awareness about dengue transmission, developing effective vaccines, and improving access to healthcare services for early diagnosis and treatment. Personal protective measures involve wearing clothing that covers arms and legs, using insect repellent, and sleeping under bed nets treated with insecticides. Community interventions like source reduction of breeding sites and house spraying can reduce vector populations effectively, especially when implemented together with personal protection measures.

Tratamiento del Dengue

There is currently no cure for dengue. Early recognition of symptoms followed by supportive care is crucial for managing infected individuals. In hospitalized patients, fluid replacement therapy and blood transfusions may be required to maintain adequate blood pressure. Patients with severe complications might need platelet replacement therapy, fresh frozen plasma, or albumin infusion if they experience shock.

Transmisión del Dengue

Dengue-infected mosquito saliva is the main vehicle for transmission, although there is evidence suggesting that other routes such as exposure to contaminated surfaces could also play a role. Human-to-human transmission occurs primarily via bites from infected female mosquitoes during blood meals. Mosquito life cycles start with eggs laid near water sources, where larvae develop over time until pupating into adult mosquitoes. This process typically takes around one week depending on temperature conditions. Once adults emerge, females search for hosts within 50 meters of their breeding site, often attacking multiple times before dying shortly afterwards due to starvation or predation.

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Description

Learn about the causes, symptoms, prevention, treatment, and transmission of Dengue fever, a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Understand the factors contributing to the global rise in dengue cases and the importance of early recognition and supportive care for managing infected individuals.