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Questions and Answers
What is the role of a constant in demographic statistics?
What does the cohort measure specifically track?
Which example best illustrates the use of a constant in demographic statistics?
In demographic studies, what is meant by a 'cohort'?
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How can the abortion rate in Hungary in 2008 be expressed using constants?
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What is the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) calculated for the United States in 2008?
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Which age group has the highest age-specific birth rate according to the data?
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Which of the following references a statistical measurement that is NOT a cohort?
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How is the age-specific rate defined in the context of Total Fertility Rate calculations?
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What type of information can a constant provide in demographic research?
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If a woman is in the 30-34 age group, how many chances does she have to give birth in a year according to the data?
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What statistical calculation can be made using a cohort measure?
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Which of the following best describes the purpose of calculating the Total Fertility Rate?
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What mathematical operation is used to obtain the Total Fertility Rate from the sum of age-specific rates?
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Which age group contributes the least to the total number of births in this data?
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What is the sum of the age-specific rates according to the provided data?
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What was the live birth rate for women ages 20 to 24 in the United States in 2008?
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Which country had the highest recorded live birth rate per 1,000 women ages 20 to 24 from 2007 to 2010?
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What was the total fertility rate in the United States in 2008?
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What is the completed fertility rate based on the number of children ever born to women ages 45 to 49?
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What was the trend in birth rates for women ages 20 to 24 in the United States from 1970 to 2008?
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Which age group had the lowest birth rate in the United States in 1970?
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What was the birth rate for women ages 25 to 29 in the United States in 2008?
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What does the total fertility rate help summarize?
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What happens to a population when replacement-level fertility is reached and remains stable?
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What is the total fertility rate (TFR) considered to be replacement level in developed countries?
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What does population momentum refer to?
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How long may it take for a population to achieve a balance between births and deaths after reaching replacement-level fertility?
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In relation to mortality rates, what is true for developing countries regarding TFR?
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What does a net reproduction rate (NRR) of below 1 indicate for a population?
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What does the birth rate for unmarried women measure?
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How many more births than deaths is Sweden experiencing despite having reached replacement-level fertility?
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What does the birth rate indicate in demographic studies?
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Which country had a birth rate of 52 per 1,000 in 2010?
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What is considered the age range for calculating the general fertility rate?
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What general fertility rate was recorded for Egypt in 2010?
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Why is the general fertility rate considered a better measure than the crude birth rate?
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Which country had one of the lowest general fertility rates in 2009?
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The age-specific fertility rate is useful for analyzing what?
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What is one potential limitation of the birth rate as used in demographic studies?
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Study Notes
Constants
- A constant is an unchanging number that can be used to multiply rates, ratios, or proportions to make them more understandable.
- For example, a birth rate of 0.0184 per person in Hungary in 2008, can be multiplied by 1000 to get 18.4 births per 1000 people.
Cohort Measures
- A cohort is a group of people sharing a common demographic experience who are observed through time.
- Birth cohorts are the most common, but marriage cohorts and school class cohorts are also used.
- Most annual rates (e.g., birth rate) relate demographic events to the population at mid-year (July 1).
General Fertility Rate
- General fertility rate is the number of live births per 1,000 women ages 15 to 49 in a given year.
- It's a more refined measure than the birth rate because it considers the age-sex group at risk of giving birth.
- In 2010, Egypt's general fertility rate was 91 births per 1,000 women ages 15 to 49.
- Zambia's rate was 214, one of the highest, and Taiwan's rate was 36, one of the lowest.
Age-Specific Fertility Rate
- Fertility rates can be calculated for specific age groups to understand differences in fertility behavior.
- In 2008, there were 103 live births per 1,000 women ages 20 to 24 in the U.S.
- Tanzania's rate was 260 from 2007 to 2010, Guyana's was 163 from 2006 to 2009, and Japan's was 38 in 2008.
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
- TFR is estimated by summing up age-specific fertility rates multiplied by 5, simulating the likelihood of a woman giving birth during each five-year period of her childbearing years.
- In 2008, the TFR in the U.S. was 2.09, meaning the average woman would have 2.09 children by age 49.
- A TFR of 2.1 is considered replacement-level fertility in developed countries.
Population Momentum
- Population momentum is the tendency of a population to continue growing even after replacement-level fertility is reached.
- This occurs because past high fertility leads to a large concentration of people in younger age groups.
- It takes several generations for births to balance deaths and stabilize population growth.
Birth Rate for Unmarried Women
- The birth rate for unmarried women is the number of live births by unmarried women per 1,000 unmarried women ages 15 to 49 years in a given year.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key demographic concepts such as constants, cohort measures, and general fertility rates. This quiz covers definitions, calculations, and examples related to population statistics. Perfect for students of demography or public health.