Demographics and Fertility Rates

The number of people residing in a single residence.

Gaps are created in the labour force as there are not enough people to fill the gaps left by those retiring.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

<p>The dependency ratio is an age-population ratio of those typically not in the labour force and those typically in the labour force, and it becomes unbalanced due to fewer children being born.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>General fertility rate is the total number of live births per 1,000 women of reproductive age (15-49) in a population per year.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immigration fills gaps in the labour market.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The birth rate decreased from 28 per 1,000 in 1900 to 12 per 1,000 in 2012.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Beanpole family structure is characterized by generations living longer but having fewer members in each generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The availability of safer, legal, and effective methods of contraception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children have changed from being an economic asset to an economic burden.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In 2000, 1 in 5 women aged 40 had chosen not to have children, compared to 1 in 10 in 1980.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is a direct link between the availability of contraception and declining fertility rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Geographic mobility is a factor that has contributed to the decline in family size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compulsory education has led to children requiring longer periods of financial support, leading to smaller families.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 'push' factor is the view that parenthood conflicts with careers and leisure activities, while the 'pull' factor is the desire for greater freedom and better relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less and less women are choosing to be full-time stay-at-home mothers, due to the availability of childcare options.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changing values of women in the workforce, including increased participation and economic independence, have contributed to smaller family sizes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Birth rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A social phenomena that is not naturally occurring but instead is created by society and varies from culture to culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Women felt similar feelings of boredom and depression as those felt by line workers in factories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A social phenomenon that is regulated by biology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Someone below the age of majority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through laws, dress, products and services, age of innocence, and activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because it is shaped by societal and cultural norms, and the definition of a child varies across cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical immaturity and psychological immaturity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because they are shaped by societal and cultural norms, and vary across cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the mid-20s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>13+ age group</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because of the complete dependency of infants on others for survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differences appear both intra culturally and inter culturally at this stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Class differences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ARIES</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As complex and moral, with the ability to see multiple viewpoints and a developed moral compass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children were considered mini-adults with little variation in games, toys, clothing, and culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Childhood has changed over time and what we now consider to be childhood is a modern construction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tikopia tribe</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Toxic Childhood Thesis refers to the idea that rapid technological change and cultural changes have damaged children's health, emotional and psychological development, leading to an increase in ADHD, substance abuse, and self-harm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neil Postman</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Child Centeredness refers to when children become the center of decision-making in the family, where decisions are made with their best interests in mind, and parents invest more time and money in them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A division between those who can access information and those who cannot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Universal Childhood concept refers to the Western notion of childhood spreading globally, characterized by campaigns for universal education, charities helping street children, globalized TV and media, and growing access to information and participation in the adult world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Technology has given children much more access to information and ways to participate in the adult world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children are being given the same rights as adults, indicating a shift in their status and recognition of their autonomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The growth of technology has given children much more access to information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sue Palmer</p> Signup and view all the answers