Dementias Definition and Characteristics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary early sign of dementia?

  • Impairment of language function
  • Difficulty learning new material (correct)
  • Loss of ability to execute skilled movement
  • Inability to recognize objects
  • What cognitive disturbance is characterized by the inability to recognize and identify objects or persons?

  • Aphasia
  • Executive dysfunction
  • Apraxia
  • Agnosia (correct)
  • Which cognitive disturbance is associated with deterioration of language function?

  • Apraxia
  • Executive dysfunction
  • Aphasia (correct)
  • Agnosia
  • What is typically unaffected in individuals with dementia?

    <p>Consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is not commonly affected in dementia according to the text?

    <p>Memory retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of behavior is disrupted in individuals with executive dysfunction?

    <p>Monitoring complex behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of memory is typically affected first in patients with dementia?

    <p>Recent memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common early sign of aphasia in dementia patients?

    <p>Difficulty in naming familiar objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom of dementia involves echoing what is heard or repeating words or sounds over and over?

    <p>Echolalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does apraxia in dementia patients affect?

    <p>Routine self-care activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive function is impacted by disturbances in executive functioning in dementia patients?

    <p>Problem-solving ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk associated with dementia patients underestimating their abilities?

    <p>Aggressive driving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?

    <p>Rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging finding is typically seen in the brains of individuals with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?

    <p>Hyperintense signal changes in the striatum or thalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT commonly associated with Huntington's disease?

    <p>Blindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical age range at which Huntington's disease usually begins?

    <p>Late 30s or early 40s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What brain areas are often affected by atrophy in individuals with mixed dementia?

    <p>Frontal and temporal lobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of Lewy body dementia among the types of mixed dementia mentioned?

    <p>Presence of Lewy bodies in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a specific MRI finding associated with Parkinson's disease dementia?

    <p>Enlargement of the third ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Parkinson's disease, the atrophy seen on neuroimaging primarily affects which part of the brain?

    <p>Basal ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is not typically associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI)?

    <p>Anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic cognitive decline seen in individuals with Parkinson's disease dementia?

    <p>Decline in executive function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Age is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for dementia, with the risk increasing significantly after which age?

    <p>$65</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging modality allows for better appreciation of atrophy of the corpus striatum in neurological conditions?

    <p>$MRI$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for dementia?

    <p>Family history of dementia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is often associated with the development of early-onset Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dementia may be halted or slowed down with appropriate treatment of the underlying condition?

    <p>Vascular dementia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications are typically prescribed at lower doses for patients with dementia?

    <p>Antipsychotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of treatment is effective for addressing significant depressive symptoms in patients with dementia?

    <p>Antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a modifiable risk factor for dementia that can be addressed through lifestyle changes?

    <p>Cardiovascular diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

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