Questions and Answers
Delusional disorders can lead to significant impairment in a person's social life and work functionality.
False
The DSM-5 categorizes delusional disorder as synonymous with paranoid psychosis.
True
ICD-10 requires symptoms of persistent delusional disorders to be present for at least 6 months.
False
Among the subtypes of delusional disorder, the jealous subtype is the most common.
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The modern concept of delusional disorder describes it as an episodic condition that occurs predominantly in young adults.
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In DSM-5, body dysmorphic disorders are categorized separately from delusional disorders.
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The mixed subtype of delusional disorder includes characteristics from multiple types of delusions.
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ICD-10 includes a separate subcategory for delusional dysmorphophobia.
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Pathological jealousy can be treated effectively without collaboration from the patient.
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Pathological jealousy is a mild form of jealousy that rarely affects relationships.
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Common symptoms of pathological jealousy include constant suspicion of a partner's infidelity.
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Antidepressants may be beneficial when jealousy is an overvalued idea rather than a delusion.
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Substance misuse, particularly alcohol, can be a contributing factor to pathological jealousy.
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Inpatient care is never necessary for patients with pathological jealousy.
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All individuals with pathological jealousy are prone to violence.
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Erotomania is predominantly observed in men rather than women.
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Separation from a partner can sometimes reduce feelings of pathological jealousy.
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Therapy is often used in the treatment of pathological jealousy to help individuals develop healthier coping mechanisms.
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The prognosis for pathological jealousy is generally regarded as excellent.
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Cognitive therapy has been shown to be ineffective for patients with emotional control issues related to jealousy.
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Interviewing the partner separately is critical during the assessment of pathological jealousy.
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The infatuated woman in erotomania believes that she is more in love with her supposed lover than he is with her.
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Pathological jealousy is a condition that is considered untreatable.
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The supposed lover in erotomania is typically someone the infatuated woman believes to be accessible.
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In cases of jealousy stemming from personality problems, psychotherapy may not be useful.
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Delusions of passion are a common symptom of erotomania.
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Delusional disorder requires at least three delusions of at least 1 month's duration.
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First-degree relatives of individuals with delusional disorder have a decreased incidence of paranoid personality disorder.
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The average onset age of delusional disorder is approximately 46 years.
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Mood episodes in individuals with delusional disorder are typically long-lasting in relation to the duration of the delusions.
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There is a strong genetic link between delusional disorder and schizophrenia.
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Hallucinations are always prominent in individuals diagnosed with delusional disorder.
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Studies have shown a possible connection between delusional disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorders.
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One neurobiological study found alterations in brain activation in the amygdala of patients with delusional disorder.
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Stalking is defined by a pattern of intrusive behavior and the associated experience of fear and distress by the person being stalked.
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All stalkers suffer from erotomania, a specific type of delusional disorder.
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Somatic delusional disorder mainly involves individuals believing they have a serious mental disorder.
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Querulant delusions involve individuals making persistent complaints against authorities.
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Reformist delusions are always associated with non-violent behavior.
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Delusional misidentification syndrome is defined by individuals misidentifying others only.
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Stalkers may communicate with their victims through email or social media.
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Those with somatic delusional disorder can often accept their diagnosis without reluctance.
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A previous history of domestic violence increases the risk of assault and injury for victims of stalking.
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Erotomania is exclusively diagnosed in men who stalk women.
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In Capgras Syndrome, the patient believes they have been replaced by an imposter.
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Intermetamorphosis involves the belief that one or more individuals have transformed into someone else.
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The Syndrome of Subjective Doubles involves a delusion of being transformed into someone else's body.
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Shared Delusional Disorder typically involves one person developing beliefs that differ from a partner's existing delusions.
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Fregoli Syndrome is characterized by the belief that familiar individuals have been replaced by strangers.
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Other Persistent Delusional Disorders can occur in isolation or within a psychotic disorder.
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In Fregoli Syndrome, the patient believes that individuals are trying to assist them rather than persecute them.
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Delusions of Misidentification primarily entail hallucinations rather than misinterpretations.
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Pathological jealousy is equally common in men and women.
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The delusion in pathological jealousy is based on sound evidence and reasoning.
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Delusional misidentification is classified as a subtype of delusional disorder.
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Pathological jealousy may involve behaviors such as an intense search for evidence of a partner's infidelity.
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The frequency of pathological jealousy is well established in the general population.
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Pathological jealousy is synonymous with de Clèrambault's syndrome.
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The mood of individuals with pathological jealousy is usually characterized by extreme happiness and satisfaction.
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Each case of pathological jealousy requires careful attention due to potential dangerousness.
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The condition known as querulous disorder is associated with pathological jealousy.
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The essential feature of pathological jealousy is a belief in the partner's faithfulness.
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Study Notes
Delusional Disorders Overview
- Delusional disorders, also known as paranoid psychoses, involve persistent delusions not attributed to other mental disorders.
- Included in DSM-5 and ICD-10 classifications, with DSM-5 labeling it as delusional disorder and ICD-10 using persistent delusional disorders.
Classification
- DSM-5 characterizes delusional disorder as having one or more delusions lasting at least one month.
- Five major subtypes:
- Persecutory (most common)
- Jealous
- Erotomanic
- Somatic
- Grandiose
- Two additional categories include Mixed and Unspecified.
- ICD-10 requires symptoms to be present for at least three months and includes subtypes like litigious.
DSM-5 Criteria
- One or more delusions present for at least one month.
- No fulfillment of schizophrenia criteria; hallucinations relate to the delusion.
- Functioning isn't severely impaired aside from delusions.
- Mood episodes have brief duration compared to delusions.
- Disturbance not caused by a substance or medical condition.
Epidemiology
- Delusional disorder is rare, with an incidence of 1-3 per 100,000 annually.
- It comprises 1-4% of psychiatric admissions.
- Average onset is around 46 years.
- Potential links to obsessive-compulsive disorders.
Family Studies
- First-degree relatives of individuals with delusional disorder exhibit higher rates of paranoid personality disorder.
- Unclear relationship to schizophrenia; familial patterns suggest genetic influence.
Aetiology
- Etiological studies relate delusional disorder to schizophrenia, paranoid personality disorder, and depressive disorder.
- Weak genetic link observed; familial clustering noted with alcoholism.
Neurobiological Studies
- Limited biological correlations; some MRI studies reveal enlarged cerebral ventricles or alterations in brain activation in certain patients.
Pathological Jealousy
- Defined as extreme, irrational jealousy, often disrupting relationships.
- Symptoms include constant suspicion, accusations, spying, and potential violence.
- Can be a symptom of various mental health disorders (schizophrenia, mood disorders, etc.)
- Poor prognosis influenced by underlying conditions and treatment response.
Assessment and Treatment
- Critical to assess thoroughly, including partner input.
- Treatment typically combines therapy and medication (antipsychotics).
- Cognitive therapy useful for resolving faulty assumptions and strategies for emotional control.
- Potential inpatient care for high-risk cases.
Specific Delusional Disorders
- Pathological Jealousy: Abnormal belief in partner infidelity, accompanied by other delusions and significant emotional turmoil.
- Erotomania: Belief that an unattainable person is in love with the patient; rare and mainly affects women.
- Somatic Delusional Disorder: Intense beliefs regarding physical illness or deformity without basis.
- Querulous Delusions: Series of complaints against authorities, often leading to litigation.
Misidentification Disorders
- Characterized by beliefs that loved ones have been replaced or transformed:
- Capgras Syndrome: Belief that a familiar person has been replaced.
- Intermetamorphosis: Belief that individuals have exchanged identities.
- Syndrome of Subjective Doubles: Belief that someone has transformed into the patient.
Shared Delusional Disorder
- Also called folie à deux, where one person induces delusions in a partner.
- Separation typically resolves the induced delusions.
Other Persistent Delusional Disorders
- Include a range of delusional beliefs that do not align with other diagnosed conditions.
- May be isolated or occur within broader psychotic disorders.
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Description
This quiz focuses on delusional disorders, particularly paranoid psychoses. Explore the historical terminology and current classifications of these conditions while learning about their core features. Test your understanding of the different categories and characteristics of delusional disorders.
