Questions and Answers
Who defeated Prithviraj Chauhan in the Second Battle of Tarain?
The Mamluk dynasty was established before the Ghurid invasion.
False
What significant action did Qutb-ud-din Aibak take in 1206?
He declared independence and established the Mamluk dynasty.
The Mamluk dynasty was characterized by rulers who were originally ________.
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Match the following rulers with their contributions:
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Which of the following statements about the Delhi Sultanate is true?
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The Khalji dynasty was the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.
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What was the period of the Mamluk dynasty's rule?
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Who was the successor of Aibak as Sultan?
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Iltutmish expanded the Sultanate's territories beyond northern India.
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What leadership challenge did Razia Sultana face during her reign?
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Aibak began the construction of the Qutb __________ in Delhi.
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Match the following rulers with their significant actions:
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What system did Iltutmish establish for the administration of the Sultanate?
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Razia Sultana was known for reducing the influence of the Turkish nobles.
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What was the cause of Aibak's death?
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Iltutmish's daughter who he nominated as his heir was named __________.
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In what year did Razia Sultana ascend to the throne?
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Study Notes
Establishment of the Delhi Sultanate
- Muhammad of Ghor defeated Rajput king Prithviraj Chauhan in 1192, laying the groundwork for the Delhi Sultanate.
- After Ghor's assassination in 1206, Qutb-ud-din Aibak declared independence and established the Mamluk dynasty, making Delhi the capital.
- The Delhi Sultanate would govern northern India for over three centuries.
Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty (1206-1290 AD)
- First dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, ruled by former military slaves who became powerful monarchs.
Qutb-ud-din Aibak (1206-1210 AD)
- Focused on consolidating territories from Muhammad of Ghor and establishing a stable administration.
- Faced resistance from Rajput kingdoms in Rajasthan and central India but maintained control.
- Initiated construction of the Qutb Minar in Delhi, symbolizing new Islamic rule.
- Died in 1210 from a fall during a polo match, leaving the Sultanate vulnerable.
Shams-ud-din Iltutmish (1211-1236 AD)
- Overshadowed initial instability following Aibak's death and secured the throne in 1211.
- Expanded territories to include the Ganges-Yamuna doab, Bengal, and Sindh; quelled rebellions in Rajasthan.
- Received a formal letter of investiture from the Abbasid Caliph in 1229, legitimizing his rule.
- Introduced the Iqta system for centralized administration, assigning land to military officers as payment.
- Nominated his daughter, Razia, as heir, breaking traditional succession norms.
Razia Sultana (1236-1240 AD)
- First female ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, faced significant opposition from the Turkish nobles (Chahalgani).
- Known for her capable governance and efforts to centralize power, which alienated Turkish nobles.
- Overthrown by a rebellion and killed in 1240, exemplifying the challenges for women in power during this period.
Nasir-ud-din Mahmud (1246-1266 AD) and Ghiyas-ud-din Balban (Regency and Reign 1266-1287 AD)
- Mahmud's rule followed Razia's death, marking a time of instability in the Sultanate.
- Balban served as a regent and strengthened the Sultanate’s authority, transitioning into his own reign.
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Description
This quiz explores the early phase of the Delhi Sultanate, focusing on the significant political transformations and the establishment of Muslim rule in northern India from 1206 to 1320 AD. It covers the rise and fall of the Mamluk and Khalji dynasties and their influence on the region's political landscape.
