Defensive Tactics and Active Resistance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is required for members to use techniques or defensive weapons to apply force?

  • Requisite training and departmental approval (correct)
  • The member's prior experience in similar scenarios
  • Approval by a senior officer only
  • The member's intuition about the situation

    • Under what circumstances may members respond with deadly force?

  • When the subject is verbally aggressive
  • When the member believes it is necessary to protect themselves or others from imminent serious harm (correct)
  • If a superior officer instructs them to do so
  • Whenever they feel threatened, regardless of the situation

    • What should members do as the resistance offered by a subject decreases?

  • Request assistance from backup officers
  • Increase the level of force used to maintain control
  • Lower the amount or type of force used (correct)
  • Continue using the same level of force regardless of resistance

    • What must be true for the use of force to be considered objectively reasonable?

    <p>The force used must be proportionate to the perceived threat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should members avoid using defensive weapons or techniques?

    <p>Unless trained and approved for the specific technique or weapon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior distinguishes an active resister from a mere non-cooperative subject?

    <p>Aggressive physical assault or imminent threat of assault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a defensive tactic?

    <p>Use of oleoresin capsicum (OC) spray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of employing defensive tactics?

    <p>To forcibly render the subject into submission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the potential for injury when using defensive tactics appropriately?

    <p>Injury can be avoided if departmental training is followed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of subject behavior leads to the classification of a threatening assailant?

    <p>Demonstrating a lack of concern for safety and aggression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should members respond to a subject exhibiting mechanical defiance?

    <p>By employing defensive tactics after assessing threat level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes defensive tactics from the use of deadly force?

    <p>Defensive tactics are not designed to cause death or serious injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a defensive tactic?

    <p>Verbal intimidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances may members choose to not handcuff subjects?

    <p>When the subject is incapacitated and has life-threatening injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should members do if a subject complains of pain associated with handcuffs?

    <p>Notify an official for a complaint investigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which groups of individuals should be monitored for signs requiring medical assistance?

    <p>Children, elderly, and physically frail individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered the proper use of handcuffs?

    <p>Proper wearing may cause minor pain but is not a use of force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When may members need to use hand controls with a subject?

    <p>When the subject is resisting being handcuffed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must members do if they observe inappropriate use of force by another member?

    <p>Report it as per the established procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if an investigation determines pain from handcuffs is not solely from their application?

    <p>A use of force investigation will be initiated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the protocol for monitoring subjects against whom force was used?

    <p>Monitor them continuously for medical needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who has the authority to change the duty status of a member involved in a serious use of force incident?

    <p>The IAB assistant chief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What actions can the Medical Services Division take in relation to a member involved in a serious use of force incident?

    <p>Place the member in sick leave status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the Use of Force Review Board (UFRB) in terms of voting members?

    <p>13 voting members including civilians and officers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which civilian member is NOT a voting member of the UFRB?

    <p>A member of the Fraternal Order of Police</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the chairperson of the UFRB have regarding the rotation schedule?

    <p>Determining the rotation schedule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of incidents is the UFRB responsible for reviewing?

    <p>All IAD use of force investigations and fatalities from vehicle pursuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for civilian members appointed by the mayor to the UFRB?

    <p>Must have no current or prior affiliation with law enforcement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long must the Patrol Services representative serve on the UFRB according to the rules?

    <p>At least one year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a witness refuses to have their statement recorded?

    <p>A written narrative of the statement must be prepared and signed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How soon must the USAO be notified about serious use of force incidents?

    <p>Within 24 hours or the next business day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in the investigative file for serious uses of force?

    <p>Transcripts of recorded statements from involved individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personnel should be involved during a tactical review for high-risk entry incidents?

    <p>Both Defensive tactics instructors and Emergency Response Team officials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical aspect to document during every interview of members engaged in a serious use of force?

    <p>The potential for de-escalation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to conduct documented analyses of the events surrounding an incident?

    <p>To create a detailed record for future reference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of incidents require prompt involvement of the IAD commanding official?

    <p>Serious uses of force and potential criminal conduct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What actions should be taken immediately after an incident involving the use of force?

    <p>Interview all involved members directly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Active Resister

    • The subject actively resists the member's attempt to control them.
    • The subject may be armed with a weapon and use evasive movements to avoid control.
    • The subject will use physical actions like bracing, tensing, pushing, or verbal signals to convey their intent not to be held.
    • The intent to resist must be clearly demonstrated.
    • This level is beyond simple non-cooperativeness and indicates active aggression.

    Threatening Assailant

    • The subject goes beyond simple resistance and actively assaults the member, themselves, or others.
    • The threat of an aggressive assault is imminent.
    • The subject demonstrates a lack of concern for the member's safety.
    • The subject does not pose an imminent threat of death or serious bodily injury to the member or others.

    Defensive Tactics

    • All force options besides deadly force are considered defensive tactics.
    • The use of defensive tactics is aimed at forcibly subduing the subject.
    • Defensive tactics are not intended to cause death or serious bodily injury.
    • Members must adhere to policies regarding the use of specific force options and less lethal weapons.

    Use of Force Requirements

    • Members should use proportionate and objectively reasonable force to overcome resistance.
    • The level of force should be adjusted based on the subject's resistance.
    • If resistance decreases, the member should lower the force used.
    • If resistance escalates, members are authorized to respond reasonably.

    Handcuffing

    • Proper application of handcuffs may result in complaints of minor pain or injury, but this isn't, in itself, a use of force.
    • When a subject complains of pain related to handcuffs, an official should investigate.
    • An investigation is initiated if the investigation official determines the injury or complaint is not solely due to the application of handcuffs or if force was used to apply them.
    • If subjects resist handcuffing, members may need to use hand controls to move the subject's wrists, arms, or body for handcuff application.

    Use of Force Investigations

    • All members involved in the use of force, including those involved in events leading up to it, should be interviewed.
    • Interviews should occur immediately after the incident and again after evidence collection.
    • Interviews with subjects, members, and material witnesses should be audio or video recorded, if possible.
    • Written narratives and signed statements are required if subjects or non-members refuse recording.
    • All recorded statements should be transcribed and included in investigations.
    • Investigations should document the possibility of de-escalation and whether there were any reasonable de-escalation opportunities.
    • A documented analysis of the events leading up to and following the incident should be conducted.
    • Defensive tactics instructors should conduct a tactical review of the member's actions.
    • Emergency Response Team officials should be involved in the tactical review of high-risk entry incidents.
    • The United States Attorney's Office should be notified within 24 hours or the next business day of serious use of force, deadly force, potential criminal conduct, vehicle pursuits involving a fatality, and in-custody deaths.

    Use of Force Review Board

    • The Use of Force Review Board (UFRB) reviews all IAD use of force investigations of MPD members.
    • The UFRB also reviews investigations forwarded by the IAB assistant chief and vehicle pursuits resulting in fatalities.
    • The UFRB consists of 13 voting members, including MPD members, civilians, and representatives from various organizations.
    • The UFRB may also include non-voting members.

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    Related Documents

    Metropolitan Police Use of Force Policy PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the dynamics of active resistance and defensive tactics. This quiz covers the classifications of subjects ranging from active resisters to threatening assailants. Understand the distinctions and application of non-lethal force options in various scenarios.

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