Decolonization Process Overview

Leader of Indonesia's independence movement against Dutch colonial rule was ______.

The period leading up to the Bandung Conference in 1955 is part of Phase 1 of decolonization that focused on ______.

Ho Chi Minh was a leader of the Vietnamese independence movement against ______ colonial rule.

Phase 2 of decolonization affected nations in ______ and North Africa from 1956 to 1975.

Nationalist movements and international support were key factors driving ______.

Phases of Decolonization

Nationalist Movements

Decolonization Process

Decolonization was a multi-stage process
Nationalistic movements were fuelled by liberalism and Marxism
Charismatic leaders emerged, like Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress
International support was gained from religious groups, humanitarian movements, and the UN
Initial stages (Asia, 1945-1955/6) primarily affected British, Dutch, and French colonies in Asia and the Middle East. Key events included the independence of India from British rule in 1947 and the Bandung Conference in 1955
This involved the independence of countries in North Africa, mainly starting from 1956-1975.
The later stages involved the decolonization of African colonies. This started later, around 1975
Many colonies gained independence through peaceful means or agreements
Some conflicts arose, leading to colonial wars, like in Algeria, Angola, or Mozambique; others had a mixed approach (diplomacy and armed conflict)
Britain had a post-colonial relationship with many former colonies through the Commonwealth
Some countries had internal conflicts post-independence, such as the Rhodesian Bush War or the Congo Crisis, from the 1960s. Colonial rule still had impact on newly independent nations.
Some colonies lasted until the 1970s.

Explore the multi-stage process of decolonization that transformed Asia and Africa from the mid-20th century. Understand the role of nationalistic movements, charismatic leaders, and international support. This quiz covers key events and the various methods through which colonies gained independence.