Decision-Making Theories: Rationality Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What is a key assumption of unbounded rationality in decision making?

  • Managers often prioritize personal interests over organizational outcomes.
  • Managers make decisions based on feelings and past experiences.
  • Decision makers often rely on intuition rather than logical reasoning.
  • Decision makers have identified all viable alternatives to a problem. (correct)

Which statement accurately describes bounded rationality?

  • Decision makers typically escalate their commitment without any reservations.
  • Decision makers prioritize maximizing outcomes over personal interests.
  • Managers have perfect knowledge of all alternatives available.
  • Individuals are often limited by their ability to process information. (correct)

What does the term 'escalation of commitment' refer to in decision making?

  • Making decisions based solely on emotional responses.
  • Increasing commitment to a previous decision despite signs of its ineffectiveness. (correct)
  • Choosing the best alternative by thoroughly analyzing all options.
  • Deciding based on consensus rather than individual judgment.

Which factor is NOT generally associated with intuitive decision making?

<p>Detailed data analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of decision making, how do managers typically utilize data from their subconscious mind?

<p>To help inform their decisions based on accumulated judgment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Unbounded Rationality

Managers make decisions that consistently maximize value, but within specific limitations.

Bounded Rationality

Decision makers are limited by their ability to process all information and make choices.

Escalation of Commitment

The tendency to continue investing in a decision even when there's evidence it was wrong.

Intuitive Decision Making

Making decisions based on experience, feelings, and accumulated judgment.

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Subconscious Influences on Decision Making

Managers use subconscious knowledge, emotional responses, and cultural values to guide their decisions.

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Study Notes

Unbounded Rationality

  • Managers make choices that maximize value, considering constraints.
  • Assumes perfectly rational, objective, logical decision-makers.
  • Assumes complete problem definition and viable alternative identification.
  • Assumes a clear, specific goal.
  • Assumes choice maximizes outcomes for the organization, not individual gain.

Bounded Rationality

  • Managers make rational decisions but with limitations in information processing.
  • Assumes incomplete knowledge of all alternatives.
  • Assumes "satisficing" (choosing the first satisfactory option) rather than maximizing.
  • Escalation of commitment: Increased dedication to a prior decision despite negative evidence.
  • Intuitive decision making: Decisions based on experience, feelings, and accumulated judgment.
  • Factors influencing decisions: past experiences, feelings/emotions, ethics/culture, skills/knowledge/training.
  • Incorporates data from the subconscious.

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