DEA's Investigation and Barbiturate Effects Quiz

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Which receptor in the brain’s reward circuit does alcohol bind to, leading to the release of dopamine?

5 HT3 receptors (correct)

Glutamate receptors

Opioid receptors

GABA receptors

What is the reversible neuropsychiatric syndrome caused by alcohol that results in confusion, nystagmus, and abnormal ocular movements?

Korsakoff psychosis

Confabulation syndrome

Polyneuropathy

Wernicke encephalopathy (correct)

What molecule found in wine is thought to be neuroprotective?

Resveratrol (correct)

Lycopene

Tannin

Anthocyanin

What is the leading cause of pancreatitis?

Alcohol consumption Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can develop if alcohol is consumed during pregnancy?

Fetal alcohol syndrome Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an area of expertise where knowledge about substance use may be applied?

Providing education and counseling for non-drug related issues Signup and view all the answers

In the United States, what level of alcohol consumption is generally not considered abuse?

Moderate consumption Signup and view all the answers

What led to the change in societal posture and legislation regarding psychedelic use in America?

Widespread use of psychedelics Signup and view all the answers

What is addiction characterized by, according to the text?

Compulsive drug seeking behavior Signup and view all the answers

What components does addiction include?

Social, psychological, and environmental components Signup and view all the answers

What are the major psychoactive substances present in marijuana and hashish?

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and barbiturates Signup and view all the answers

How does methamphetamine primarily act in the body?

By increasing norepinephrine and dopamine release Signup and view all the answers

Which drug can help with withdrawal from barbiturates?

Phenobarbital Signup and view all the answers

What is the DEA considering categorizing kratom as?

Schedule I drug Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is extracted from the leaves of the coca plant and produces local anesthesia, vasoconstriction, and cardiac stimulation?

Cocaine Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is known for reducing unpleasant feelings brought on by abstinence and is devoid of direct anxiolytic, anticonvulsive, and antidepressant activity?

Acamprosate Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is a pure opioid antagonist that decreases the craving for alcohol and blocks the reinforcing effects of alcohol?

Naltrexone Signup and view all the answers

Which drug should not be taken during pregnancy and is excreted unchanged in the urine?

Acamprosate Signup and view all the answers

Which substance activates nicotinic receptors in several locations and causes constriction of blood vessels, acceleration of the heart, and an increase in the force of ventricular contraction?

Nicotine Signup and view all the answers

Which drug helps individuals with alcohol use disorder avoid drinking by causing unpleasant effects if alcohol is ingested?

Disulfiram Signup and view all the answers

Which nicotine replacement therapy product looks much like a cigarette and delivers nicotine when puffed on?

Nicotine inhaler Signup and view all the answers

Which nicotine replacement therapy product should not be used by patients with asthma due to its adverse effects?

Nicotine nasal spray Signup and view all the answers

Which medication for smoking cessation has been recalled from the market in September of 2021 due to containing cancer causing ingredients?

Varenicline Signup and view all the answers

Which opioid has high lipid solubility, allowing it to cross the blood brain barrier with ease?

Heroin Signup and view all the answers

What initial sensations does IV injection of heroin induce in individuals?

Warmth and pleasure Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of tolerance as defined in the text?

A smaller response to the initial drug dose Signup and view all the answers

What is the major transmitter involved in the reward circuit according to the text?

Dopamine Signup and view all the answers

What does cross dependence refer to based on the text?

The ability of a drug to support physical dependence on another drug Signup and view all the answers

What does the Controlled Substance Act require according to the text?

Record keeping and written records of all transactions involving controlled substances Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of alcohol binding with GABA receptors in the CNS?

Enhancement of GABA-mediated inhibition and widespread depression of CNS activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the high risk of death when abusers crush the controlled-release oxycodone tablets?

Immediate absorption of the entire dose leading to dangerously high levels Signup and view all the answers

Why is naloxone considered the treatment of choice for opioid overdose?

It reverses respiratory depression and coma caused by opioids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of buprenorphine over methadone in treating opioid addiction?

Lower potential for abuse and development of physical dependence Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of using naltrexone after opioid detoxification?

Blocking euphoria and all other opioid-induced effects Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Kratom from other opioids based on the information provided?

It can be bought over the internet without a prescription Signup and view all the answers

What is the most significant adverse psychological effect of high doses of marijuana?

Paranoia Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS)?

Cyclic nausea and vomiting relieved by taking hot showers and baths Signup and view all the answers

What structural changes are associated with long-term marijuana use in the brain?

Reduction in the volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala Signup and view all the answers

What statement best describes the FDA's position on bringing marijuana-derived treatments to patients?

Controlled clinical trials testing the safety and efficacy of a drug, along with careful review through the FDA’s approval process, is the most appropriate way to bring marijuana-derived treatments to patients Signup and view all the answers

What action can health care providers take regarding the prescription of marijuana?

They cannot prescribe the drug but can only suggest that it may be of benefit Signup and view all the answers