Questions and Answers
Which of the following are considered deaf education options? (Select all that apply)
What does full maintaining/inclusion in deaf education mean?
Children attend classes with hearing students using assistive listening devices, interpreters, and/or services of itinerant teachers.
What are some pros of full mainstreaming?
Integrated not segregated, normal school experience.
What are some cons of full mainstreaming?
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What is a resource room in deaf education?
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What are some pros and cons of using a resource room?
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What defines a self-contained classroom?
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List pros of self-contained classrooms.
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List cons of self-contained classrooms.
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What is a day school?
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Do kids in day schools have less opportunity than those in residential schools?
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What is a language-rich environment?
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List pros and cons of day schools.
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What characterizes residential schools?
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Where is there usually a good and accepting culture for the Deaf?
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What is the teacher to student ratio in specialized deaf education settings?
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What is the aim of the parent outreach program?
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What does the school to work program at residential schools prepare students for?
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What does MCE stand for?
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What was the success of MCE?
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What did research in the 60s focus on regarding deaf children?
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What was found about deaf children in school?
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When did MCE start being incorporated?
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Why was MCE not successful?
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Is ASL a natural language?
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When did we realize there was a problem with MCE?
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Is MCE a system?
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Why is there a correlation between language and learning?
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What are the components of success in education?
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Who does better in education, Deaf of Deaf (D of D) parents' children or hearing parents' children?
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What is unique about teaching Deaf students?
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What percentage of teachers could produce 'signs' as well as they know English?
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Is the quality of instruction better or worse when looking at public schools?
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What is a challenge during note-taking for Deaf students?
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How much accessible instruction is gained in one hour of class?
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What do out of school activities for hearing children contribute to?
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What is a challenge for after school activities for Deaf students?
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What issue arises during high school years with Deaf students?
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How much academic achievement does the average Deaf high school student gain in four or more years?
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What can be done to improve deaf education?
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Why is deaf education in need of change?
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What is the best way to educate Deaf students?
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What are the types of education/approaches for deaf people?
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What is bi/bi education?
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In bi/bi programs, what is the native language used for?
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What contributes to comprehension in education?
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What are ABC stories?
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What challenge do kindergarten students face when entering school?
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What are some principles for deaf education?
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What are the goals of bi/bi education?
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Study Notes
Deaf Education Options
- Various deaf education options: mainstream/inclusion, resource room, self-contained classroom, day school, residential school.
- Full mainstreaming involves attending classes with hearing students using assistive devices and interpreters.
Full Maintaining/Inclusion
- Promotes integration of deaf children with hearing peers in a regular school setting.
Pros and Cons of Full Mainstreaming
- Benefits include social integration and a typical school experience.
- Challenges include potential lack of classroom participation and communication barriers.
Resource Room
- Combination of mainstream classes and specialized instruction in a resource room, especially for language subjects.
Resource Room Pros and Cons
- Advantages include individualized instruction and staying at home.
- Disadvantages can involve missing regular classes, limited mainstream interactions, and few deaf role models.
Self-Contained Classroom
- Dedicated classroom for deaf students with specialized teachers within public schools.
Pros and Cons of Self-Contained Classroom
- Benefits include certified teachers, individualized instruction, and interaction with other deaf peers.
- Drawbacks involve varied student ages, communication preferences, and limited interaction with hearing students.
Day School
- Specialized schools for deaf students located in urban areas, offering a more focused environment.
Comparison: Day School vs. Residential School
- Day school students generally have fewer opportunities compared to those in residential schools.
Language-Rich Environment
- Essential for developing language skills among deaf students.
Day School Pros and Cons
- Positive aspects include living at home and close parental involvement; specialized resources and teachers for deaf education.
- Negatives include long bus rides, less social integration, and interaction challenges due to residential school settings.
Residential Schools
- Provide a full-time educational setting for deaf students, with a structured environment.
Deaf Culture Presence
- Deaf schools tend to cultivate a positive and accepting culture for the deaf community.
Influences on Deaf Education
- Deaf parents often prefer sending their children to deaf schools, enhancing exposure to ASL.
Teacher-Student Ratio
- Optimal learning occurs with a 1:7 teacher-student ratio, promoting growth and personalized instruction.
Parent Outreach Program
- Aims to assist parents in making informed decisions regarding their children's education options.
School to Work Program
- Prepares deaf students for employment opportunities post-graduation.
Manually Coded English (MCE)
- A system designed to teach deaf students; lacks natural language characteristics.
MCE Effectiveness
- Mixed results; did not significantly improve educational outcomes for deaf students.
Research Insights
- Studies in the 1960s highlighted challenges faced by deaf children in language acquisition and academic performance.
MCE Misalignment
- Poor teaching practices contributed to ineffectiveness, as teachers often omitted vital components of language.
ASL as a Natural Language
- Recognized as a natural language distinct from systems like MCE.
Educational Quality Concerns
- Only 38% of teachers were proficient in sign language comparable to their English skills, raising concerns about instructional quality.
Public School Teacher Challenges
- Teachers in public schools performed worse in educating deaf students despite specialized training.
Time on Task Issues
- Deaf students often miss important instructions while taking notes, affecting learning efficiency.
Class Instruction Quality
- In a one-hour class, only about 15 minutes of material is comprehensible to deaf students due to various distractions and teaching methods.
Extra-Curricular Activities
- Access to after-school activities can be limited for deaf students, impacting socialization and learning experiences.
High School Language Dynamics
- Advanced students may disengage from classes as they often surpass teacher knowledge in ASL.
Academic Achievement Gaps
- Deaf high school students typically gain limited academic growth over extended periods.
Improving Deaf Education
- Emphasizes the need for better teacher education to effectively engage and instruct deaf students.
Deaf Education Evolution
- Necessitated by changing job market demands and historical failures in oralism.
Diverse Education Approaches
- Various communication methodologies exist, including Oral Approach, Total Communication, ASL, and more.
Bilingual-Bicultural (Bi-Bi) Education
- Emphasizes ASL as the foundation for teaching English in deaf education, recognizing cultural context.
Comprehension Contributors
- Background knowledge, cultural literacy, and meta-linguistic awareness significantly enhance understanding.
ABC Stories
- A storytelling technique in deaf education that integrates fingerspelling, signing, and facial expressions.
Challenges for Kindergarten Students
- Many enter school underprepared, impacting their educational trajectory from the outset.
Principles for Deaf Education
- Emphasizes respect for students' languages, heritage integration, and strategies for language transfer and comprehension.
Goals of Bi-Bi Education
- Focus on maintaining and advancing ASL skills while utilizing English as a secondary language for academic achievement.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various options in deaf education with these flashcards. Explore concepts like mainstreaming, inclusion, and the pros and cons of different educational models for deaf students. Perfect for those studying deaf culture and education methods.