Deaf Culture Exam 2 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which of the following are considered deaf education options? (Select all that apply)

Residential School (correct)

Resource Room (correct)

Day School (correct)

Mainstream/Inclusion (correct)

Self-contained Classroom (correct)

What does full maintaining/inclusion in deaf education mean?

Children attend classes with hearing students using assistive listening devices, interpreters, and/or services of itinerant teachers.

What are some pros of full mainstreaming?

Integrated not segregated, normal school experience.

What are some cons of full mainstreaming?

Lack of classroom participation, communication gap. Signup and view all the answers

What is a resource room in deaf education?

Children attend some classes with hearing students but use the resource room for instruction in language-based subjects. Signup and view all the answers

What are some pros and cons of using a resource room?

Pros: One-on-one instruction, live at home, partial integration; Cons: May be pulled from regular classes, limited access to deaf role models. Signup and view all the answers

What defines a self-contained classroom?

A classroom in a public school designated for deaf students with a separate teacher. Signup and view all the answers

List pros of self-contained classrooms.

Teacher is usually certified in Deaf education; individualized instruction; contact with deaf peers. Signup and view all the answers

List cons of self-contained classrooms.

Limited contact with hearing students, children of varying ages together, limited access to deaf role models. Signup and view all the answers

What is a day school?

A separate school for deaf students, usually located in large metropolitan areas. Signup and view all the answers

Do kids in day schools have less opportunity than those in residential schools?

Less. Signup and view all the answers

What is a language-rich environment?

'What hearing do you have'. Signup and view all the answers

List pros and cons of day schools.

Pros: Lives at home, teachers certified in Deaf education, contact with other Deaf students; Cons: Children may be bused long distances, less opportunity for out-of-class enculturation. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes residential schools?

Students usually live at the school during the week and spend weekends at home. Signup and view all the answers

Where is there usually a good and accepting culture for the Deaf?

Residential schools Signup and view all the answers

What is the teacher to student ratio in specialized deaf education settings?

1 teacher to 7 students. Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of the parent outreach program?

Encourage good involvement with the parents. Signup and view all the answers

What does the school to work program at residential schools prepare students for?

To get ready for work after school. Signup and view all the answers

What does MCE stand for?

Manually Coded English. Signup and view all the answers

What was the success of MCE?

For some, but it was not the solution for deaf education. Signup and view all the answers

What did research in the 60s focus on regarding deaf children?

How they developed their language. Signup and view all the answers

What was found about deaf children in school?

They were not doing well. Signup and view all the answers

When did MCE start being incorporated?

In the 70s. Signup and view all the answers

Why was MCE not successful?

Teachers were dropping word endings and missing connecting words. Signup and view all the answers

Is ASL a natural language?

True Signup and view all the answers

When did we realize there was a problem with MCE?

When kids after 12+ years were still not developing their language skills. Signup and view all the answers

Is MCE a system?

True Signup and view all the answers

Why is there a correlation between language and learning?

Language influences the child's ability to learn other content. Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of success in education?

Instruction quality, time on task, class size, and use of out-of-school time. Signup and view all the answers

Who does better in education, Deaf of Deaf (D of D) parents' children or hearing parents' children?

D of D because they are exposed to complete ASL. Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about teaching Deaf students?

Professionals learn the language of instruction from the students. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of teachers could produce 'signs' as well as they know English?

38%. Signup and view all the answers

Is the quality of instruction better or worse when looking at public schools?

Worse. Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge during note-taking for Deaf students?

They miss what the teacher is signing because they look down. Signup and view all the answers

How much accessible instruction is gained in one hour of class?

15 minutes of accessible instruction. Signup and view all the answers

What do out of school activities for hearing children contribute to?

Academic achievement. Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge for after school activities for Deaf students?

Activities may not be accessible due to travel time and lack of interpreters. Signup and view all the answers

What issue arises during high school years with Deaf students?

Students know more than the teachers, causing disengagement. Signup and view all the answers

How much academic achievement does the average Deaf high school student gain in four or more years?

Only one grade level. Signup and view all the answers

What can be done to improve deaf education?

Provide better education for the teachers. Signup and view all the answers

Why is deaf education in need of change?

Jobs now require technical training; 200 years of oralism harmed Deaf children. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to educate Deaf students?

There is no best way; we need all types of communication. Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of education/approaches for deaf people?

Oral Approach, Total Communication, Bilingual-Bicultural, Spoken English, Manually Coded English, Cued Speech, American Sign Language, Mainstream vs. Residential school. Signup and view all the answers

What is bi/bi education?

Bilingual-Bicultural education uses sign language as the first language of Deaf children. Signup and view all the answers

In bi/bi programs, what is the native language used for?

To teach the language of the school. Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to comprehension in education?

Background knowledge, cultural literacy, and meta-linguistic knowledge. Signup and view all the answers

What are ABC stories?

Using the fingerspelling alphabet and signing, along with facial expressions. Signup and view all the answers

What challenge do kindergarten students face when entering school?

They come in not completely ready, so they are already behind. Signup and view all the answers

What are some principles for deaf education?

Respect for the language of the child, incorporating heritage information, and developing strong meta-linguistic awareness. Signup and view all the answers

What are the goals of bi/bi education?

Maintaining ASL; using English as a second language. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Deaf Education Options

Various deaf education options: mainstream/inclusion, resource room, self-contained classroom, day school, residential school.
Full mainstreaming involves attending classes with hearing students using assistive devices and interpreters.

Full Maintaining/Inclusion

Promotes integration of deaf children with hearing peers in a regular school setting.

Pros and Cons of Full Mainstreaming

Benefits include social integration and a typical school experience.
Challenges include potential lack of classroom participation and communication barriers.

Resource Room

Combination of mainstream classes and specialized instruction in a resource room, especially for language subjects.

Resource Room Pros and Cons

Advantages include individualized instruction and staying at home.
Disadvantages can involve missing regular classes, limited mainstream interactions, and few deaf role models.

Self-Contained Classroom

Dedicated classroom for deaf students with specialized teachers within public schools.

Pros and Cons of Self-Contained Classroom

Benefits include certified teachers, individualized instruction, and interaction with other deaf peers.
Drawbacks involve varied student ages, communication preferences, and limited interaction with hearing students.

Day School

Specialized schools for deaf students located in urban areas, offering a more focused environment.

Comparison: Day School vs. Residential School

Day school students generally have fewer opportunities compared to those in residential schools.

Language-Rich Environment

Essential for developing language skills among deaf students.

Day School Pros and Cons

Positive aspects include living at home and close parental involvement; specialized resources and teachers for deaf education.
Negatives include long bus rides, less social integration, and interaction challenges due to residential school settings.

Residential Schools

Provide a full-time educational setting for deaf students, with a structured environment.

Deaf Culture Presence

Deaf schools tend to cultivate a positive and accepting culture for the deaf community.

Influences on Deaf Education

Deaf parents often prefer sending their children to deaf schools, enhancing exposure to ASL.

Teacher-Student Ratio

Optimal learning occurs with a 1:7 teacher-student ratio, promoting growth and personalized instruction.

Parent Outreach Program

Aims to assist parents in making informed decisions regarding their children's education options.

School to Work Program

Prepares deaf students for employment opportunities post-graduation.

Manually Coded English (MCE)

A system designed to teach deaf students; lacks natural language characteristics.

MCE Effectiveness

Mixed results; did not significantly improve educational outcomes for deaf students.

Research Insights

Studies in the 1960s highlighted challenges faced by deaf children in language acquisition and academic performance.

MCE Misalignment

Poor teaching practices contributed to ineffectiveness, as teachers often omitted vital components of language.

ASL as a Natural Language

Recognized as a natural language distinct from systems like MCE.

Educational Quality Concerns

Only 38% of teachers were proficient in sign language comparable to their English skills, raising concerns about instructional quality.

Public School Teacher Challenges

Teachers in public schools performed worse in educating deaf students despite specialized training.

Time on Task Issues

Deaf students often miss important instructions while taking notes, affecting learning efficiency.

Class Instruction Quality

In a one-hour class, only about 15 minutes of material is comprehensible to deaf students due to various distractions and teaching methods.

Extra-Curricular Activities

Access to after-school activities can be limited for deaf students, impacting socialization and learning experiences.

High School Language Dynamics

Advanced students may disengage from classes as they often surpass teacher knowledge in ASL.

Academic Achievement Gaps

Deaf high school students typically gain limited academic growth over extended periods.

Improving Deaf Education

Emphasizes the need for better teacher education to effectively engage and instruct deaf students.

Deaf Education Evolution

Necessitated by changing job market demands and historical failures in oralism.

Diverse Education Approaches

Various communication methodologies exist, including Oral Approach, Total Communication, ASL, and more.

Bilingual-Bicultural (Bi-Bi) Education

Emphasizes ASL as the foundation for teaching English in deaf education, recognizing cultural context.

Comprehension Contributors

Background knowledge, cultural literacy, and meta-linguistic awareness significantly enhance understanding.

ABC Stories

A storytelling technique in deaf education that integrates fingerspelling, signing, and facial expressions.

Challenges for Kindergarten Students

Many enter school underprepared, impacting their educational trajectory from the outset.

Principles for Deaf Education

Emphasizes respect for students' languages, heritage integration, and strategies for language transfer and comprehension.

Goals of Bi-Bi Education

Focus on maintaining and advancing ASL skills while utilizing English as a secondary language for academic achievement.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various options in deaf education with these flashcards. Explore concepts like mainstreaming, inclusion, and the pros and cons of different educational models for deaf students. Perfect for those studying deaf culture and education methods.