Lecture 32 – Oxidative Phosphorylation

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Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Mitochondria (correct)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

What is the primary function of oxidative phosphorylation?

Transfer of electrons to oxygen

Synthesis of fatty acids

ATP production from glucose (correct)

Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

Which cofactors are primarily involved in oxidative phosphorylation?

NADH and NADPH

FADH2 and NADH (correct)

ATP and ADP

Coenzyme A and ATP

What is the role of the glycerol phosphate shuttle?

To convert cytoplasmic NADH to FADH2 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the net result of the malate shuttle?

Transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which antiporter is responsible for importing ADP and Pi into the mitochondrial matrix?

ATP-ADP antiporter (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the respiratory complexes?

To pump protons into the intermembrane space (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens at Complex I of the electron transport chain?

Electrons are transferred to ubiquinone (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cytochrome c in the electron transport chain?

It transfers electrons from Complex III to Complex IV. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How many protons are pumped across the membrane by Complex III?

4 (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which complex directly links the TCA cycle to the electron transport chain?

Complex II (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Oxygen (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is produced as a byproduct of electron transfer to oxygen?

Water (B) Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism describes the generation of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation?

Oxidative phosphorylation (B) Signup and view all the answers

How many protons are required to synthesize one molecule of ATP?

3 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What concept did Peter Mitchell propose in 1961?

The chemiosmotic theory (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the proton-motive force?

To create a concentration gradient for ATP synthesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Complex V (ATP synthase) in oxidative phosphorylation?

It synthesizes ATP from ADP and Pi. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Complex II is true?

It is directly linked to the TCA cycle. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of thermogenin in brown fat cells?

Heat generation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What condition leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species?

Inefficient electron transfer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the Q cycle in Complex III?

Two electrons are transferred to one electron carrier. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does ADP influence oxidative phosphorylation?

It promotes electron transfer. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the electron transport chain, which complex is responsible for the reduction of oxygen?

Complex IV (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the function of F1 in ATP synthase?

It is the catalytic site for ATP synthesis. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if Complex IV is inhibited?

NADH would accumulate. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of super-complexes in the electron transport chain?

They increase the efficiency of electron transfer. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of electrons for Complex I?

NADH (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of oxidative phosphorylation, which molecule is considered a natural uncoupler?

Thermogenin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main product of the entire process of oxidative phosphorylation?

ATP (C) Signup and view all the answers