Data Collection Techniques
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of data collection in research?

  • To answer research questions and evaluate outcomes (correct)
  • To analyze and interpret data
  • To select a research methodology
  • To identify research variables

    • What is a tool used in the data collection technique of interviewing?

  • Tape recorder (correct)
  • Checklist
  • Pen and paper
  • Questionnaire

    • What type of data is collected fresh from the field?

  • Secondary data
  • Quantitative data
  • Primary data (correct)
  • Qualitative data

    • What is the purpose of using available information in data collection?

    <p>To extract information required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the category of data that has previously been collected for other purposes?

    <p>Secondary data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a data collection technique that involves gathering information through direct observation?

    <p>Observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tool used in the data collection technique of observation?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between primary and secondary data?

    <p>Source of data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of using collective administration to distribute questionnaires?

    <p>It ensures a high response rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a cover letter accompanying a questionnaire?

    <p>To introduce the researcher and the institution they are representing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of using questionnaires for data collection?

    <p>They may result in a low response rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of question is 'Please tick the type of research you would love to undertake. Applied research, Basic Research, descriptive research, quantitative research'?

    <p>Closed-ended question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of using closed-ended questions in a questionnaire?

    <p>They make it easier to analyze the data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to assure respondents of anonymity in a questionnaire?

    <p>To encourage respondents to provide honest answers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of using open-ended questions in a questionnaire?

    <p>They are difficult to analyze.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of spontaneous responses in a questionnaire?

    <p>They may not be possible in mailed questionnaires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of secondary data collection?

    <p>Using population census data to obtain information on age-sex structure of a population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a questionnaire?

    <p>It is a written list of questions that are recorded by respondents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of mailed questionnaires?

    <p>Low response rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of primary data collection?

    <p>It provides first-hand data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to have clear and easy-to-understand questions in a questionnaire?

    <p>So respondents can understand the questions without explanation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a primary data collection method?

    <p>Conducting an interview to gather information on people's attitudes towards health services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a way to administer a questionnaire?

    <p>Mailing the questionnaire to prospective respondents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a questionnaire from an interview guide?

    <p>In a questionnaire, respondents read and answer questions on their own, while in an interview guide, the researcher explains the questions to respondents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Data Collection

    • Data collection is the process of gathering raw facts or evidence about a subject of interest to answer research questions and evaluate outcomes.

    Data Collection Techniques and Tools

    • Data collection tools are instruments used to collect/retrieve data, such as:
      • Questionnaires for administering written questions
      • Interview guides, tape recorders, and checklists for interviewing
      • Eyes, senses, and microscopes for observation
      • Checklists and data forms for using available information

    Approaches to Data Collection

    • There are two major approaches to gathering information:
      • Collecting existing information (secondary data)
      • Collecting fresh information from the field (primary data)

    Types of Data

    • Secondary data:
      • Previously collected data that can be used in the immediate study
      • Examples include collective administration, available records, and data sources like journals and books
    • Primary data:
      • Raw data originally collected by the researcher specifically for the study
      • Examples include interviewing community inhabitants, using questionnaires to determine job satisfaction, and observing students' behaviors in class

    Questionnaires

    • A questionnaire is a written list of questions, the answers to which are recorded by respondents
    • Importance of clear and easy-to-understand questions in a questionnaire
    • Ways of administering a questionnaire:
      • Collective administration (e.g., in a classroom or function)
      • Mailed questionnaire (with potential issues like low response rates)

    Contents of a Questionnaire Cover Letter

    • Essential to include:
      • Introduction of the researcher and institution
      • Brief description of the study's main objective
      • General instructions
      • Assurance of anonymity
      • Contact information for respondents' questions

    Question Types in a Questionnaire

    • Closed-ended questions: Respondents select from set answers
    • Open-ended questions: Respondents provide answers in their own words

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    Related Documents

    5. Data Collection methods.pptx

    Description

    Learn about the process of gathering raw facts or evidence about a subject of interest and the tools used to collect/retrieve data.

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