Cytology Sample Collection Methods

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary method of collecting cellular material from the respiratory tract?

  • Urinary sediment cytology
  • Sputum examination (correct)
  • Brushing during bronchoscopic procedures
  • Lavage following enema to clean the colon

Why is catheterization preferred in women for urinary tract cytology?

  • To obtain a more representative sample
  • To reduce discomfort
  • To avoid contamination by vaginal cells and menstrual blood (correct)
  • To obtain a larger sample

What is a limitation of sputum examination?

  • It is only useful for diagnosing upper respiratory tract cancers
  • It is not representative of the entire respiratory tract
  • It is difficult to obtain a sample
  • It does not allow localization of the lesion within the respiratory tract (correct)

What is the significance of a satisfactory sputum specimen in diagnosing lung cancer?

<p>It allows diagnosis of over 80% of lung cancers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of aerosol-inhalation of cough stimulating substances?

<p>To trigger the cough reflex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method of collecting urinary bladder washings in symptomatic patients when bladder tumors are suspected?

<p>Washings obtained at cystoscopy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an alternative method of collecting cellular material from the colon?

<p>Lavage following enema to clean the colon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells are infrequent in urine, but more abundant in material obtained from the renal pelvis and ureter?

<p>Renal parenchymal cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of retrograde catheterization and brushing of the ureter and renal pelvis?

<p>To localize lesions in the upper urinary tract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the number of X chromosomes and the number of Barr bodies observed in interphase nuclei?

<p>The number of Barr bodies is one less than the number of X chromosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of the Barr body in interphase nuclei?

<p>Drumstick appearance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of prostatic massage in Urinary Tract Cytology?

<p>To obtain prostatic secretions for cytological examination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the initial morning specimen of urine discarded?

<p>Because cells deteriorate extremely quickly in acidic urine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are 24-hour collections of urine useless for cytodiagnostic purposes?

<p>Because the morphology of cells is distorted to an extreme degree (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is added to pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal fluids to prevent coagulation?

<p>Heparin, sodium citrate, or EDTA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should CSF samples be dispatched without delay to the laboratory?

<p>Because the cells contained are extremely fragile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to smears if they are allowed to dry prior to fixation?

<p>Drying causes distortion of cells and induces cytoplasmic staining artefacts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long is the fixation time for smears in 95% ethanol?

<p>10 to 15 minutes at room temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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