Cytology Flashcards

Study Notes

Cytology Overview

Cytology refers to the study of cells, encompassing their structure, function, and behavior.
A cytologist is a specialist who performs research and analyses related to cell biology.

Fundamental Concepts

The cell is recognized as the smallest unit of life, essential for all biological systems.
Cell theory highlights three core principles:
- All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
- The cell is the fundamental unit of life.
- Cells arise solely from pre-existing cells.

Cell Types

Prokaryotes: Simple, single-celled organisms lacking a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Eukaryotes: More complex cells that contain a nucleus and various membrane-bound organelles.

Specific Organisms

Bacteria: A category of prokaryotic organisms that are single-celled and move utilizing flagella.
Protists: A diverse group of generally simple eukaryotic organisms that possess a nucleus.

Notable Eukaryotic Organisms

Amoeba: A single-celled eukaryotic organism characterized by its ability to move using pseudopods, which are temporary projections of the cell.
Euglena: Another single-celled eukaryotic organism that moves by means of flagella, showcasing both plant and animal traits.
Volvox: A type of eukaryotic organism that forms colonies by grouping together, capable of photosynthesis due to its chloroplasts.

Cell Movement Structures

Flagella: Tail-like structures that propel cells, primarily seen in bacteria and euglenas.
Cilia: Hairlike structures found on some cells (like paramecium) that facilitate movement by beating in a coordinated manner.
Pseudopod: A form of locomotion used by amoebas, involving the extension of the cell's cytoplasm to move and capture food.

Description

Test your knowledge of cytology with these flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to the study of cells. Perfect for students and enthusiasts alike, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of essential cell biology vocabulary.