COPY: Cytologic Techniques and Exfoliative Cytology

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following stains is specifically used for staining blood?

  • Acridine
  • Rhodamine dye
  • Giemsa stain (correct)
  • Fluorescein

What does the wet film method primarily focus on?

  • Assessment of cellular conditions
  • Staining surrounding tissues (correct)
  • Visualizing distant organ spread
  • Identification of blood vessel structures

Which mounting type uses glycerine-jelly?

  • Pern or Dry
  • Permanent
  • Temp or Wet (correct)
  • Indefinite

In which class of Pap's cytologic report would you find a normal cytology with 0-25% abnormal cells?

<p>Class I (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What recent procedure utilizes gamma radiation for scanning?

<p>Radio Active Scan (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscopy would be most suitable for identifying certain organisms?

<p>Dark field microscopy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'RIA' stand for in recent procedures?

<p>Radio Immuno Assay (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of staining method relies on an antigen-antibody reaction?

<p>Immunofluorescence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of exfoliative cytology?

<p>To study cells obtained from different parts of the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which indicator is a sure sign of fertility according to laboratory diagnosis?

<p>Formation of palm-leaf or ferning crystal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an increase in the maturation index (MI) indicate?

<p>Increase in cases of cancer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the absence of fern in a laboratory diagnosis suggest?

<p>Low estrogen and high progesterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a common method used in cytology procedures?

<p>Papanicolaou/Pap's smear (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high pycnotic index (PI) imply?

<p>Increased number of cells with structureless nuclei (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sample type is NOT typically associated with exfoliative cytology?

<p>Blood culture samples (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a Pap's smear prepared during the staining procedure?

<p>Fixed smear washed in water and rehydrated in descending alcohol solutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the fixation process in tissue processing?

<p>To kill, harden, and preserve tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves compressing small pieces of tissue on a microscope slide?

<p>Squash separation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of fixation in tissue processing?

<p>Enhance metabolic activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what temperature range should tissues be kept during the dissection process in freezing techniques?

<p>-10°C to -20°C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a good fixative?

<p>It must be cheap and stable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fixative is frequently used in saturated aqueous solutions for renal tissue preservation?

<p>Mercuric Chloride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which histological technique requires the use of differential dyes?

<p>Teasing or dissociation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of action does autolysis refer to in the context of tissue processing?

<p>Breakdown by proteolytic enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stain is used specifically for identifying fibrin?

<p>Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main staining method for glycogen detection?

<p>Best Carmine Method (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stain would you select for staining myelin sheath?

<p>Weigert-Pal Technique (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the detection of lipids, which technique is not applicable?

<p>Gram's Iodine Stain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is specifically used for identifying astrocytes?

<p>Mallory's PTAH Stain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which staining technique is used for the detection of amyloid?

<p>Congo Red Method (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is suitable for staining mucin?

<p>Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is most appropriate for the identification of phospholipids?

<p>Sudan Black B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Acetone in tissue fixation?

<p>To fix brain tissues for diagnosis of Rabies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fixative should never contain glacial HAC?

<p>Flemming's solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fixative is Newcomer’s Fluid classified as?

<p>Cytoplasmic Fixative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which solution is known for its use in secondary fixation for better staining?

<p>Formalin with Post-Chroming (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using a mounting medium?

<p>To prevent the movement of the cover slip (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Microanatomical Fixatives?

<p>To allow general microscopic study of tissue structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mounting medium is specifically used for Methylene Blue stained nerve preparations?

<p>Apapy's Medium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of Compound Fixatives?

<p>Single fixative substance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Kronig cement?

<p>It is one of the ringing media to seal cover slips. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fixative is most commonly used for preserving myelin?

<p>Osmium Tetroxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of using a fixative with a pH of more than 4.6?

<p>It may negatively affect the fixation process. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which resinous medium can be neutralized and is known to change color upon exposure?

<p>Canada Balsam (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the refractive index of the medium that should be close to that of glass for better viewing?

<p>1.518 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ringing in the specimen preparation process?

<p>To prevent fluid escapage from the mount (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of slides are typically labeled with a gum label?

<p>General slides for permanent storage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fluid is recommended for mounting frozen sections requiring dehydration?

<p>Brun's Fluid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Giemsa stain

A stain specifically used for staining blood components.

Wet film method

A method primarily focusing on staining surrounding tissues.

Temp or Wet Mounting

A mounting type using glycerine-jelly.

Pap's Class I

A Pap's cytologic report class for normal or slightly abnormal cells (0-25%).

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Radio Active Scan

A recent procedure using gamma radiation for scanning.

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Dark field microscopy

Microscopy suitable for identifying certain organisms.

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RIA

Abbreviation for Radio Immuno Assay, a procedure.

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Immunofluorescence

A staining method relying on antigen-antibody reactions.

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Exfoliative Cytology

Study of cells obtained from body parts for diagnosis.

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Fertility indicator (lab)

Formation of palm-leaf or ferning crystals indicates fertility.

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Maturation Index (MI)

An indicator of cancer.

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Absence of fern in lab

Suggests low estrogen and high progesterone levels.

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Pap smear

A common cytology procedure.

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High pycnotic index (PI)

Indicates increased cells with structureless nuclei.

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Blood culture samples

Not typically used in exfoliative cytology.

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Pap smear preparation

Fixed smear washed in water, rehydrated with descending alcohol solutions.

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Tissue fixation purpose

Kill, harden, and preserve tissues.

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Squash separation

Tissue compression on a slide.

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Fixation - metabolic activity

Does not enhance metabolic activity.

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Tissue dissection (freezing) temperature

-10°C to -20°C.

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Good fixative characteristics

Must be cheap and stable.

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