30 Questions
What is the usual outcome when the injury is limited or short-lived?
Resolution
What happens when there is substantial tissue destruction?
Healing by connective tissue replacement
What is the result of the persistence of the injurious agent or some interferences in the normal healing process?
Acute to chronic transition
What happens when the inflammatory injury involves tissues that are incapable of regeneration?
Healing by connective tissue replacement
What is the primary advantage of performing an autopsy of Virchow?
Demonstrating pathologic change in the individual organs
What is the process of removing the exudate with the restoration of normal tissue architecture?
Resolution
What can occur when there is abundant fibrin exudation in the tissue or even in serous cavities?
Healing by connective tissue replacement
What type of incision is commonly used for an aesthetic finish?
T-Shaped Incision
What is the main disadvantage of performing an autopsy of Virchow?
It destroys the anatomic relationships of the organs
In what type of cases is the T-Shaped Incision essential?
Strangulation cases
What is the advantage of performing an autopsy of Letulle?
It is fast and easy
What type of incision is commonly used for children?
Single Vertical Cut
What role do TNF and IL-1 play in acute inflammation?
Promoting the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium and their migration
What is the primary function of chemokines in acute inflammation?
Serving as chemoattractants for specific types of leukocytes
What is the result of the activation of complement proteins?
Generation of breakdown products responsible for leukocyte chemotaxis
What is the characteristic of chronic inflammation?
Response of prolonged duration (weeks or months)
Which of the following is a cause of chronic inflammation?
Persistent infections that are difficult to eradicate
What type of cells are primarily responsible for secreting chemokines?
Lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells
What is the main reason for the accumulation of leukocytes and the liberation of enzymes from those cells?
Microbes stimulating cell activity
What is the characteristic appearance of Caseous Necrosis?
Creamy-yellow appearance
What type of necrosis is typically caused by arterial occlusion?
Coagulative necrosis
What is the result of the conversion of destroyed cells in Caseous Necrosis?
A granular, friable mass
What is the term used to describe the massive death of tissue caused by a combination of ischemia and superimposed bacterial infection?
Gangrenous necrosis
In which location is gangrenous necrosis most often encountered?
Lower extremities
What is a common characteristic among genetic derangements that can cause cell injury?
Abnormal protein function
Which of the following is an example of an infectious agent that can cause cell injury?
Virus
What is the result of genetic defects that can trigger cell death?
Formation of misfolded proteins
Which of the following is an example of an environmental pollutant that can cause cell injury?
Carbon monoxide
What is the term for the immune reactions that cause cell injury?
Immunologic reactions
What is the result of nutritional imbalances that can cause cell injury?
Deficiency in protein function
Learn about the role of cytokines, such as TNF, IL-1, and chemokines, in acute inflammation, including their effects on leukocyte recruitment and migration. Understand how they promote adhesion and migration of leukocytes to the endothelium and blood vessels.
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