Cyber Crime and Hacking Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of phishing emails?

To advertise products from trusted sources

To provide legitimate offers and discounts

To promote secure online practices

To fraudulently collect sensitive personal information (correct)

Which method is commonly used for phishing through email?

Email content manipulation

Email address spoofing (correct)

Email timestamp spoofing

Email encryption

What type of identity theft involves using a victim’s data for medical purposes?

Criminal identity theft

Financial identity theft

Social identity theft

Medical identity theft (correct)

How can ransomware typically gain access to a computer system?

Through malicious websites and spam email attachments Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence victims face when attacked by ransomware?

Pressure to pay a ransom to regain access to their data Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a method of identity theft mentioned?

Biometric identity theft Signup and view all the answers

Why is it often difficult to identify phishing emails?

They closely mimic authentic sources and use official logos. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective behind monetary gain in identity theft?

Using stolen credentials for illegitimate profit Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of ransomware?

It demands a fee to regain access to locked files. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a benefit of two-factor authentication?

It provides an added layer of security. Signup and view all the answers

What should you look for to confirm a website's security before entering sensitive information?

A reputable security trust mark. Signup and view all the answers

What does illegal downloading primarily contribute to?

Digital piracy. Signup and view all the answers

How does ransomware typically trick its victims?

Through scare tactics and intimidation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is considered illegal downloading?

Sharing music files without permission from the copyright holder. Signup and view all the answers

What is a measure that can help protect against malware attacks?

Ensuring HTTPS is present in the website address. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the illegal sharing of copyrighted media?

Digital piracy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of online identity theft?

To steal someone else's identity for financial gain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended practice for preventing cybercrime?

Allowing browsers to save passwords on public computers Signup and view all the answers

What should you check for before downloading software from a website?

That the website address begins with HTTPS or has a lock symbol Signup and view all the answers

What is a common outcome of auction fraud?

Receiving counterfeit items or low-quality products after payment Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to manage your social media privacy settings?

To protect personal information from being exploited Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if prompted to accept cookies from unknown websites?

Decline the request to accept cookies Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk of downloading files from untrustworthy websites?

They often contain hidden malware like ransomware or Trojan Signup and view all the answers

How can securing your wireless network benefit you?

It prevents unauthorized access and cyber threats Signup and view all the answers

What are the penalties for the first conviction of child pornography under cyber law?

2 to 5 years of imprisonment and a fine of 1 lakh Signup and view all the answers

In Western societies, the penalties for distributing child pornography are generally severe. What is included in these penalties?

Incarceration with shorter sentences for non-commercial distribution Signup and view all the answers

What type of scam involves the unauthorized use of credit/debit card information?

Credit/Debit Card Fraud Signup and view all the answers

What does 'non-delivery of goods/service fraud' refer to?

A scam where the buyer pays for goods/services but receives nothing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of spoofing in cyber fraud?

To obtain vital information under false pretenses Signup and view all the answers

Phishing is a specific type of fraud associated with what?

Pretending to be a trusted institution to gather information Signup and view all the answers

What does identity theft entail?

Unauthorized use of another person's personal information for fraudulent activities Signup and view all the answers

What might happen to first-time offenders of possessing child pornography material?

Their sentences are often converted to probation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intent of cybercriminals when carrying out cyber crimes?

To cause physical harm, financial loss, or mental harassment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a common type of cybercrime?

Business negotiation Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes ethical hackers from non-ethical hackers?

Ethical hackers aim to improve security, while non-ethical hackers exploit vulnerabilities Signup and view all the answers

Which category of cybercrime includes denial-of-service attacks?

Crimes targeting computer networks or devices Signup and view all the answers

What type of hacker is known for attempting to gain unauthorized access for illegal purposes?

Black hat hacker Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of black hat hackers?

Security cracking and data stealing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the act of phishing?

Stealing identity information through deceptive emails Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of cyber terrorism?

Physical harm or significant disruption to national security Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes white hat hackers from black hat hackers?

They use their skills for defensive purposes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes grey hat hackers?

Their behavior can vary between offensive and defensive. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method for conducting a phishing attack?

Sending fraudulent emails that mimic trusted entities. Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario commonly leads to eavesdropping attacks?

Connecting to an unsecured network. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the protective measures against phishing?

Keep your operating system updated. Signup and view all the answers

What do black hat hackers typically do?

Perform malicious activities for personal gains. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding phishing emails is true?

They often include links to fake websites. Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for eavesdropping in the context of hacking?

sniffing Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cyber Crime

Criminal activities conducted in a digital environment
Computer itself can be the target, or used as a tool
Crimes can target individuals, groups, organizations, or countries
Goal is to cause physical harm, financial loss, or mental distress
Cybercriminals attack computers/networks to disable data or services
Spread malware (viruses) for data theft and extortion
Malwares aim to corrupt systems and gain unauthorized access.
Cybercrimes are increasing rapidly
Common examples are hacking, ransomware attacks, denial-of-service attacks, phishing, email fraud, and banking fraud.

Hacking

Unauthorized access to a computer/network/digital system
Hackers exploit vulnerabilities in hardware and software.
Ethical hacking is done with positive intent (security testing)
White-hat hackers help improve software security
Non-ethical hacking is done with the intention to damage or steal data.
Black hat hackers focus on security cracking
Hackers and crackers may attack for financial gain, identity theft, or business-related reasons.

Phishing and Fraud Emails

Fake websites/emails mimic authentic sources
Goal is to get sensitive personal information (passwords, credit card details)
Common method: email spoofing (using a fake address)
Phishing attempts can come in emails, phone calls, and text messages
Identity theft: stealing personal information for fraudulent activities (using someone else's identity to get something or money)
Various methods to prevent phishing are given

Ransomware

Cyberattacks that block access to files
Purpose is to get a ransom from victims
Data encryption is a common method
Victims can be threatened with data publication or other malicious actions
Ransomware spreads through malicious websites or downloads

Illegal Downloading

Obtaining copyrighted files without permission.
A primary concern regarding digital piracy.
Leads to significant loss to developers/producers
Can cause legal implications/punishments for the person performing the illegal downloading.

Child Pornography

Publishing/transmitting obscene content about children online.
Common method: accessing illegal websites/files
Significant criminal activity, leading to severe punishment under cyber law
Has severe penalties ranging from fines to imprisonment

Cyber Scams and Frauds

Fraudulent schemes using the internet
Methods include: credit card fraud, non-delivery of goods/services, spoofing/phishing scams, identity theft, auction fraud.

Preventing Cyber Crime

Backup important data regularly
Update antivirus software regularly
Strong passwords, changed frequently
Secure websites use HTTPS
Be cautious of suspicious websites, emails, and attachments
Use privacy settings on social media to protect personal information

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Description

Explore the world of cyber crimes and hacking in this quiz. Understand how these digital offenses are performed, the motivations behind them, and the different types of hackers. Test your knowledge on the methods used by cybercriminals and the impact of their actions on individuals and organizations.