Cyber Crime and Hacking

Types of Cyber Crimes

• Cyber crimes can be divided into two categories: targeting computers and computer-weaponized cybercrime
• Examples of cyber crimes that target computers include hacking, virus attacks, and DOS attacks

Hacking

• Hacking is the process of finding information on a computer or network by breaking through security systems
• There are three main types of hackers:
  • White Hat Hackers: hackers with good intentions, also known as Ethical Hackers
  • Black Hat Hackers: hackers with malicious intent, also known as Crackers
  • Gray Hat Hackers: hackers who sometimes have good intentions and sometimes have malicious intentions

Cyber Terrorism

• Cyber terrorism is the act of using cyber technologies against the unity, sovereignty, and security of a country

Other Cyber Crimes

• Phishing: the act of stealing highly secure personal information such as passwords and credit card information
• Smishing: phishing using voice calls and SMS
• Cyber squatting: the practice of creating fake websites and addresses mistaking them as official or authentic websites
• Data tampering: the act of intentionally altering data before or after entering it into a computer
• Data theft: the crime of transferring information from one computer to another computer without permission
• Cyber pornography: the act of displaying and circulating obscene images
• Snooping: the process of reading other user's files and data without their knowledge
• Cracking: the act of breaking into someone else's computer system and destroying valuable and confidential documents and information
• Cyberstalking: a threat made through the Internet, e-mail, phone call, text message, web camera, website, or video
• Salami attack: a financial crime committed by computer experts on banks
• E-mail bombing: the act of repeatedly sending identical e-mails to a specific e-mail address
• Email spoofing: the process of sending an email from a false email ID to mislead the recipient
• Email Spamming: the process of sending a group of unwanted e-mails to many people
• Cyber defamation: the offense of spreading false messages against a person or a company through e-mail, mobile, and social networks
• Cyber vandalism: the act of stealing a computer or any part of a computer or destroying any information on the computer