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Questions and Answers
What is the normal cardiac output (COP) at rest?
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What is the ejection fraction (EF) a sensitive indicator of?
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What is the main factor that returns blood to the heart?
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What happens to venous return during inspiration?
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What is the effect of gravity on venous return from parts above the level of the heart in the erect position?
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What happens to venous return in hemorrhage?
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What is the effect of vasodilatation of arterioles on venous return?
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What is the effect of vasodilatation of veins on venous return?
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What is the effect of increased blood pressure on end diastolic volume (EDV)?
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What happens to stroke volume (SV) when the heart rate (HR) slows?
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Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences venous return?
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What is the mean circulatory pressure (MCP) in peripheral venules and veins in the recumbent position?
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What is the effect of increased venous return on cardiac output (COP)?
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What is the effect of decreased venous return on end diastolic volume (EDV)?
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What is the effect of skeletal muscle contraction on venous return (VR) and cardiac output (COP)?
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What is the effect of increased blood volume on venous return (VR) and cardiac output (COP)?
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What is the effect of vasodilatation of capillaries on venous return (VR) and cardiac output (COP)?
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What is the effect of arterial pulsation on venous return (VR) and cardiac output (COP)?
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What happens to the stroke volume (SV) when the blood pressure rises suddenly?
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What is the effect of systemic hypertension on cardiac output (COP)?
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What happens to stroke volume (SV) when the heart rate (HR) accelerates, with constant venous return (VR)?
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What is the effect of marked acceleration or slowing of the heart rate (HR) on cardiac output (COP), with constant venous return (VR)?
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What is the relationship between stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (COP) and contractility?
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What happens to the ventricles when venous return (VR) increases, as in muscular exercise?
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What happens to the initial length of the cardiac muscle fiber during diastole when venous return (VR) increases?
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What is the effect of increased venous return (VR) on the force of ventricular contraction?
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What is the effect of increased venous return (VR) on stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (COP)?
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What is the effect of increased heart rate (HR) on cardiac output (COP) when venous return (VR) is also increased?
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What is the effect of increased stroke volume (SV) on cardiac output (COP) when venous return (VR) is also increased?
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What is the approximate increase in cardiac output (COP) during muscular exercise due to increased venous return (VR) and heart rate (HR)?
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