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Questions and Answers
The word 'curriculum' can be scrambled to form which word?
MULUCURIRC
What does curriculum refer to in a broader sense?
The total learning experiences of individuals not only in schools but in society as well.
Which of the following statements about curriculum is true?
Traditional views of curriculum consider it a body of subjects prepared by teachers for students to learn.
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Who views curriculum as 'permanent studies' emphasizing grammar, rhetoric, and basic education?
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According to Joseph Schwab, what is the sole source of curriculum?
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What is John Dewey's belief about education?
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To a progressivist, a written list of subjects constitutes a curriculum.
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How do Caswell and Campbell define curriculum?
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What is the primary focus of the curriculum definition by Smith, Stanley, and Shores?
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Which type of curriculum includes the actual activities implemented by teachers?
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What is the purpose of the Supported Curriculum?
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Which curriculum is described as a series of evaluations during and after teaching episodes?
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What do Marsh and Willis attribute to the curriculum experience?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the seven types of curriculum described by Allan Glattorn?
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What defines the Recommended Curriculum?
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What are the two definitions of educational objectives as stated by Robert Mager and Benjamin Bloom?
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In Bloom's cognitive domain, which of the following is NOT one of the categories?
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Which domain is associated with the valuing, attitude, and appreciation aspects of learning?
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Which of the following is a criterion for selecting subject matter content in the curriculum?
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Which component of the curriculum focuses on the skills involved in physical execution and movement?
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What aspect of curriculum design is emphasized when creating enriching and empowering learning environments?
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Which of the following represents the lowest level of the cognitive domain in Bloom's taxonomy?
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Among the components of curriculum, what element is referred to as the outcomes intended for each learner's achievement?
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What does the Latin word 'currere', from which curriculum is derived, mean?
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In the early 20th century, how was curriculum conventionally viewed?
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Which of the following is emphasized in Joseph Schwab's view of curriculum?
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Arthur Bestor, an essentialist, emphasizes the inclusion of which subjects in the curriculum?
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John Dewey's perspective on education emphasizes which key concept?
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What is a primary purpose of a curriculum in formal education?
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Which viewpoint describes curriculum as encompassing the entire educational journey beyond institutional learning?
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What is the primary focus of traditional points of view regarding curriculum?
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Study Notes
Curriculum Definition
- Curriculum is a dynamic concept.
- It encompasses a wide range of learning experiences, including those within and outside of school.
- Various educators have defined curriculum in numerous ways.
Curriculum Definitions
- Daniel Tanner (1980): Curriculum is a planned set of learning experiences that aim for personal and social growth.
- Pratt (1980): Curriculum is written documentation that outlines goals, objectives, content, learning activities, and evaluation procedures.
- Schubert (1987): Curriculum includes the learning content, activities, desired outcomes, and cultural influence.
- Hass (1987): Curriculum involves all learning experiences within a program, aiming to achieve broad goals and specific subject knowledge.
- Grundy (1987): Curriculum is a planned program of teacher and student activities, designed to achieve educational objectives.
Curriculum Perspectives
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Traditional View: In the early 20th century, curriculum was seen as a body of subject matter prepared by teachers.
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Robert M. Hutchins: Emphasizes "permanent studies" like grammar, reading, rhetoric, logic, and math for basic education.
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Arthur Bestor: Believes in intellectual training and focuses on fundamental disciplines such as grammar, literature, math, science, history, and foreign languages.
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Joseph Schwab: Views discipline as the source of curriculum, emphasizing subject areas like English, Math, Science, and Social Studies.
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Phillip Phenix: Argues that curriculum should consist entirely of knowledge from various disciplines.
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Progressive View: Contends that subjects, syllabi, and courses alone do not constitute a curriculum.
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John Dewey: Believes education is experiential and emphasizes reflective thinking as a tool for unifying curriculum elements.
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Holin Caswell and Ken Campbell: Define curriculum as all learning experiences under teachers' guidance.
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Othaniel Smith, William Stanley, and Harian Shore: Define curriculum as a sequence of experiences designed to discipline children and youth in group thinking and acting.
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Colin Marsh and George Willis: View curriculum as all planned experiences in the classroom, enacted by teachers and learned by students.
Curriculum Definitions
- Caswell and Campbell: Curriculum encompasses all experiences children have under the guidance of teachers.
- Smith, Stanley, and Shores: Curriculum is a sequence of potential learning experiences designed to discipline children and youth in group thinking and action.
- Marsh and Willis: Curriculum refers to planned classroom experiences enacted by the teacher and learned by the students.
Types of Curriculum
- Recommended Curriculum: Curriculum recommended by national agencies, scholars, and professional organizations for implementation in elementary or secondary education. Examples include DepED, DOST, and CHED.
- Written Curriculum: Documents, courses of study, or syllabi provided to schools, districts, divisions, departments, or colleges for implementation. Examples include the Basic Education Curriculum (BEC) and lesson plans.
- Taught Curriculum: Varied activities implemented to achieve the objectives of the written curriculum. Taught curriculum varies based on student learning styles and teacher teaching styles. Examples include classroom activities implemented by teachers and teaching pedagogies employed by teachers.
- Supported Curriculum: Resources that support the implementation of the curriculum. Examples include computers, textbooks, video visual laboratory equipment.
- Assessed Curriculum: A tested or evaluated curriculum. Evaluations are conducted during and at the end of teaching episodes to determine progress.
- Learned Curriculum: The actual knowledge and skills acquired by students as a result of their learning experiences.
Major Conceptions of Curriculum
- Types: Curriculum can be divided into categories based on its purpose and focus.
- Components: Curriculum consists of different elements working together to achieve learning goals.
- Purpose: The ultimate goal of curriculum is to guide and shape student learning.
Curriculum: Concepts, Nature, and Purpose
- Definition: The word "curriculum" originates from the Latin word "currere," meaning "race course."
- Formal Education: In formal education, curriculum encompasses the courses and their content offered at a school or university.
- Evolution: The idea of curriculum is constantly evolving alongside societal transformations.
Traditional Points of View on Curriculum
- Early 20th Century: Curriculum was viewed as a set of subjects or subject matter prepared by teachers for students to learn.
Curriculum from Different Points of View
- Robert M. Hutchins: Emphasized "permanent studies" for basic education, such as grammar, reading, rhetoric, logic, and mathematics.
- Arthur Bestor: Essentialist; believed the mission of the school should be intellectual training, focusing on fundamental intellectual disciplines.
- Joseph Schwab: Stated that "discipline is the sole source of curriculum." Curriculum is divided into subjects such as English, mathematics, science, and social studies, among others.
- John Dewey: Believed that reflective thinking is a key element of curriculum.
Components of Curriculum
- Objectives: Clear and targeted for each learner's achievement.
- Robert Mager and Benjamin Bloom: Defined educational objectives as explicit formulations of student changes during the educative process and intent communicated through statements describing proposed changes in learners.
Domains of Objectives
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Cognitive Domain (Bloom et.Al. 1956): Domain of thought processes, including:
- Knowledge
- Comprehension
- Application
- Analysis
- Synthesis
- Evaluation
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Affective Domain (Krathwohl, 1964): Domain of valuing, attitudes, and appreciation, including:
- Receiving
- Responding
- Valuing
- Organization
- Characterization by a value or value complex
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Psychomotor Domain (Simpson, 1972): Domain of using psychomotor attributes, including:
- Perception
- Set
- Guided response
- Mechanism
- Complex overt responses
- Adaptation
- Origination
Curriculum Content or Subject Matter
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Selection Criteria:
- Self-sufficiency
- Significance
- Validity
- Interest
- Utility
- Learnability
- Feasibility
Conclusion
- Dynamic Concept: The nature of curriculum is continuously evolving.
- Critical Reflection: Engaging in critical reflection, dialogue, and intentional design can create enriching and empowering learning environments.
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Description
Explore various definitions and perspectives on curriculum from notable educators. This quiz covers the dynamic aspects of curriculum and its implications for teaching and learning experiences. Learn about different interpretations and the evolution of curriculum concepts.
