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Questions and Answers
What is the main difference between measuring presence and measuring occurrence of health indicators?
What is the main difference between measuring presence and measuring occurrence of health indicators?
- Presence measurement is based on prevalence and odds, while occurrence measurement is based on cumulative incidence and incidence rate.
- Presence measurement is useful for acute health indicators, while occurrence measurement is useful for chronic health indicators.
- Presence measurement is related to new cases, while occurrence measurement is related to the evolution of the health indicator over time.
- Presence measurement is useful for time-dependent outcomes, while occurrence measurement is useful for unchanging characteristics. (correct)
Which type of health indicator is best measured using prevalence and odds?
Which type of health indicator is best measured using prevalence and odds?
- Time-dependent outcomes
- Unchanging characteristics
- Chronic health indicators (correct)
- Acute health indicators
What does cumulative incidence measure?
What does cumulative incidence measure?
- The evolution of a health indicator over time
- The prevalence and odds of a chronic health indicator
- The presence of a health indicator among individuals
- The occurrence of new cases related to a health indicator over time (correct)
When is measuring occurrence particularly useful?
When is measuring occurrence particularly useful?
What is the difference between cumulative incidence and incidence rate?
What is the difference between cumulative incidence and incidence rate?
Which measurement is particularly useful for assessing unchanging characteristics like asthma or diabetes?
Which measurement is particularly useful for assessing unchanging characteristics like asthma or diabetes?
What does the p-value of 0.548 indicate?
What does the p-value of 0.548 indicate?
In epidemiology, what is the incidence rate?
In epidemiology, what is the incidence rate?
What is the main difference between cumulative incidence (CI) and incidence rate (Ir)?
What is the main difference between cumulative incidence (CI) and incidence rate (Ir)?
How can a confidence interval for the incidence rate (Ir) be obtained?
How can a confidence interval for the incidence rate (Ir) be obtained?
What distribution is assumed for the time to the beginning of the illness when estimating cumulative incidence?
What distribution is assumed for the time to the beginning of the illness when estimating cumulative incidence?
What does the Wald test in epidemiology compare for two incidence rates?
What does the Wald test in epidemiology compare for two incidence rates?
What value is compared to a chi-squared distribution in the Wald test for comparing two incidence rates?
What value is compared to a chi-squared distribution in the Wald test for comparing two incidence rates?
What does the p-value indicate in the context of the Wald test for comparing two incidence rates?
What does the p-value indicate in the context of the Wald test for comparing two incidence rates?
What does it mean if Ir could be time varying in epidemiological terms?
What does it mean if Ir could be time varying in epidemiological terms?
How is cumulative incidence (CI) estimated in epidemiology?
How is cumulative incidence (CI) estimated in epidemiology?
What is required to estimate incidence rate (Ir) in epidemiological studies?
What is required to estimate incidence rate (Ir) in epidemiological studies?
In epidemiology, what does Ir represent?
In epidemiology, what does Ir represent?
What is the prevalence (P) of a given disease D within a given time interval of length $t$?
What is the prevalence (P) of a given disease D within a given time interval of length $t$?
What is the main limitation of the approximated confidence interval formula (1)?
What is the main limitation of the approximated confidence interval formula (1)?
In which type of studies is it not possible to estimate prevalence?
In which type of studies is it not possible to estimate prevalence?
What statistical tests can be used to compare prevalence in two different populations?
What statistical tests can be used to compare prevalence in two different populations?
Which measure is particularly useful for assessing unchanging characteristics like asthma or diabetes?
Which measure is particularly useful for assessing unchanging characteristics like asthma or diabetes?
What is the main difference between measuring presence and measuring occurrence of health indicators?
What is the main difference between measuring presence and measuring occurrence of health indicators?
$CI = \frac{I}{N0}$, where $I$ is the number of new cases and $N0$ is the disease-free population size. What does $I$ represent in this formula?
$CI = \frac{I}{N0}$, where $I$ is the number of new cases and $N0$ is the disease-free population size. What does $I$ represent in this formula?
Which measure is sensitive to the duration of the disease in an individual?
Which measure is sensitive to the duration of the disease in an individual?
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