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Questions and Answers
What does cultivation theory primarily examine?
Which of the following best describes the 'mean world syndrome'?
What is one key component of Bandura's social cognitive theory?
In terms of LGBTQ+ portrayals, what effect is associated with heavy media viewing?
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What is the role of 'resonance' in cultivation theory revisions?
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Which factor does NOT relate to the conditional effects proposed in relation to media consumption?
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What function does the concept of 'mainstreaming' serve in cultivation theory?
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Which aspect best defines the term 'observational learning' in social cognitive theory?
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Which of the following best explains the concept of 'mainstreaming' in cultivation theory?
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The Mean World Syndrome suggests that heavy media consumption leads to an increased perception of violence in society.
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What does cultivation theory primarily investigate regarding media?
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In Bandura's social cognitive theory, the stage where a person notices something in the environment is called _____ .
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Match the media effect concepts to their descriptions:
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Which of these factors is a potential effect of media portrayal on public attitudes towards LGBTQ+ issues?
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Comparing prime time, national news, and local news provides insights into how different media formats influence perceptions.
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How does 'retention' fit into the sequence of observational learning in Bandura's theory?
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Study Notes
Cultivation Theory
- Cultivation theory suggests that media exposure shapes audiences' perceptions of the world.
- The theory consists of three main parts: the system (why media exists), the message (what media conveys), and the effect (how media impacts the audience).
- Example: LGBTQ+ portrayal in media.
Mainstreaming and Resonance
- Mainstreaming: The process where heavy media consumers develop similar views despite differing backgrounds and beliefs.
- Example: Heavy viewers of TV might perceive a higher percentage of men in power than those who watch less.
- Resonance: When media reinforces personal experiences, amplifying the effect on the viewers.
- Example: Individuals who personally know many LGBTQ+ people might feel their views are amplified when seeing positive LGBTQ+ portrayals in the media.
Mean World Syndrome
- Heavy media consumers may perceive the world as more dangerous than it actually is.
- This effect may be exacerbated by exposure to violent or crime-focused media.
Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura)
- This theory explains how people learn through observation and imitation.
- The process involves four stages: attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation.
- It suggests that individuals learn by observing behaviors, remembering what they observed, imitating the behavior, and being motivated to repeat it based on consequences.
Cultivation Theory
- Cultivation theory suggests that media consumption can shape an individual’s perceptions of the world.
- It posits that heavy media consumption can lead to a "cultivated" view of reality, which may differ from actual reality.
- The "Why" (system), "The What" (message) and "To What Effect" components of this theory are important considerations in understanding how media affects an individual's perceptions.
Example: LGBTQ+ in Media
- Research suggests that media portrayals of LGBTQ+ individuals can influence public attitudes toward them. This is a direct application of the "What" (message) component of the theory.
- Portrayals of LGBTQ+ individuals in media have been shown to impact public attitudes towards LGBTQ+ issues, such as equal access and same-sex marriage.
- It's important to consider the context of these portrayals and analyze the potential effects on viewers.
Types of Media Effects
- Studies have investigated the impact of media consumption on public attitudes toward LGBTQ+ issues.
- One hypothesis is that heavy media consumption leads to more positive attitudes towards LGBTQ+ issues.
- However, research suggests that the relationship between media consumption and attitudes towards LGBTQ+ individuals is not always linear.
Conditional Effect
- The relationship between media consumption and attitudes toward LGBTQ+ individuals is not always linear but can be influenced by other factors.
- Research suggests that individuals who know many LGBTQ+ people are more likely to have positive views, regardless of media consumption levels.
- This suggests that other factors, such as personal experiences, can influence an individual's views more strongly than exposure to media.
Gerbner et al.'s Revisions to Cultivation Theory
- Gerbner and his colleagues extended cultivation theory by proposing the concepts of "mainstreaming" and "resonance."
- Mainstreaming: Suggests that heavy media consumption can lead individuals to share similar views, even if those views differ from their personal experiences.
- Resonance: The effect of media is magnified when it aligns with an individual's personal experiences.
Mean World Syndrome
- Cultivation theory posits that heavy consumption of violent media can lead to a perception that the world is a more dangerous place than it actually is. This is known as the "mean world syndrome".
Social Cognitive Theory
- Developed by Albert Bandura, this theory suggests that people learn by observing others.
- Four key components of social cognitive theory: Attention, Retention, Reproduction, and Motivation.
- These components describe the process through which individuals acquire and utilize learned behaviors.
- Research suggests that social cognitive theory explains how media, particularly entertainment and news, can affect viewers' perceptions of the world and their behaviors.
- It is a linear sequence of observational learning that can be applied to a variety of contexts, including media studies.
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Description
Explore the Cultivation Theory which explains how media exposure shapes audience perceptions of the world. This quiz covers concepts like mainstreaming, resonance, and the Mean World Syndrome, emphasizing the impact of media on societal views, including LGBTQ+ representation.
