CT Imaging and PET-CT Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary advantage of using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in positron emission tomography (PET) compared to Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)?

Higher contrast and spatial resolution

In PET-CT imaging for cancer detection, what is the main reason for combining PET with CT?

To improve anatomical localization and provide detailed metabolic information

How does Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) differ from Positron emission tomography (PET) in terms of the radioisotopes used?

PET uses gamma-emitting radioisotopes

For normal tissue and organ mapping in PET-CT, what advantage does Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) have over Positron emission tomography (PET)?

Better spatial resolution and contrast Signup and view all the answers

In the context of PET-CT imaging, what role does attenuation correction play in the scanning process?

Improves the accuracy of metabolic and functional information Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using PET-CT imaging in cancer detection?

To measure the metabolic activity of cells in the body Signup and view all the answers

How can PET-CT imaging be used to stage cancer?

By assessing the extent of disease spread to other organs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of PET-CT imaging in evaluating the response to cancer treatment?

To assess changes in the metabolic activity of the tumor in response to treatment Signup and view all the answers

How is a PET-CT procedure performed for cancer imaging?

The patient is injected with a radioactive tracer, then scanned using a PET camera Signup and view all the answers

How can PET-CT imaging be used to map normal tissues and organs in the body?

By identifying areas of increased metabolic activity in healthy tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the radioactive tracer used in PET-CT imaging?

It helps the PET camera detect and localize the tumor Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of PET-CT imaging in cancer management?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

How does PET-CT imaging help in staging cancer?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which radioactive material is commonly used in PET-CT imaging for cancer detection?

Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of PET-CT imaging over other imaging techniques?

It focuses on metabolic processes within the body Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common use of PET-CT imaging?

Detecting bone fractures Signup and view all the answers

How is the radioactive material administered to the patient during a PET-CT scan?

Any of the above methods can be used Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

SPECT-CT Reconstruction

Projection data from cameras is reconstructed into 3D images in axial slices
SPECT-CT provides attenuation correction and higher resolution anatomical localization

SPECT vs PET

SPECT and PET are nuclear medicine imaging techniques that provide metabolic and functional information
They can be combined with CT and MRI to provide detailed anatomical and metabolic information

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Uses positron-emitting radioisotope (tracer) such as F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)
Provides better contrast and spatial resolution compared to SPECT
Has a ring of multiple detectors

Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)

Uses gamma-emitting radioisotope (tracer) such as technetium-99m, iodine-123, or iodine-131
Provides poorer contrast and spatial resolution compared to PET
Usually uses one large crystal-based detector

Positron Emission Tomography/ PET-CT

Utilizes the advantages of both PET and CT
Nuclear medicine uses small amounts of radioactive material called radiotracers to diagnose, evaluate, and treat various diseases
Radiotracers accumulate in tumors or regions of inflammation and can bind to specific proteins in the body

Radiotracers

The most common radiotracer is 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), a molecule similar to glucose
Fluorine-18 is an unstable radioisotope with a half-life of approximately 110 minutes
Cancer cells are more metabolically active and may absorb glucose at a higher rate

PET-CT Procedure

Ordinary x-ray exams pass x-rays through the body to create an image
Radioactive materials (F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose) are injected intravenously, or swallowed or inhaled as a gas
The material accumulates in the area under examination, giving off gamma rays
Special cameras detect this energy and create pictures with the help of a computer

Uses of PET-CT

Detect cancer and/or make a diagnosis
Determine whether a cancer has spread in the body
Stage cancer which potentially can be treated radically
Establish baseline staging before commencing treatment
Determine if a cancer has returned after treatment
Evaluate prognosis
Assess tissue metabolism and viability
Map normal human brain and heart function
Assess response to therapy
Evaluate suspected disease recurrence, relapse, and/or residual disease

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