Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for error and flow control?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for error and flow control?
- MAC Control
- Broadcast link
- Link Layer Control (LLC) (correct)
- Multiple Access Control
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for framing and MAC address?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for framing and MAC address?
- Broadcast link
- Multiple Access Control (correct)
- Link Layer Control (LLC)
- MAC Control
What is the main task of Multiple Access Protocols?
What is the main task of Multiple Access Protocols?
- To minimize collisions (correct)
- To maximize collisions
- To increase propagation delay
- To decrease throughput
What is throughput?
What is throughput?
What is propagation delay?
What is propagation delay?
What type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
What type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
Which type of CSMA protocol reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent?
Which type of CSMA protocol reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
Which CSMA protocol has random delays that reduce the probability of collisions?
Which CSMA protocol has random delays that reduce the probability of collisions?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
Which CSMA protocol overcomes the inefficiency of channel wastage by detecting collisions while transmitting?
Which CSMA protocol overcomes the inefficiency of channel wastage by detecting collisions while transmitting?
What should a station do if it detects a collision during transmission in CSMA/CD?
What should a station do if it detects a collision during transmission in CSMA/CD?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
In the Pure ALOHA protocol, what is the maximum round-trip propagation delay?
In the Pure ALOHA protocol, what is the maximum round-trip propagation delay?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
In the Slotted ALOHA protocol, how is time divided?
In the Slotted ALOHA protocol, how is time divided?
Which protocol is based on carrier sense, where a user listens to the medium to see if another transmission is in progress?
Which protocol is based on carrier sense, where a user listens to the medium to see if another transmission is in progress?
Which of the following is a restriction of CSMA/CD?
Which of the following is a restriction of CSMA/CD?
Which method for controlled access provides in order access to the shared medium and eliminates collisions completely?
Which method for controlled access provides in order access to the shared medium and eliminates collisions completely?
In the Reservation Access Method, each cycle begins with a reservation interval that consists of how many minislots?
In the Reservation Access Method, each cycle begins with a reservation interval that consists of how many minislots?
Which model of polling has one device assigned as the primary station and all data exchanges are done through the primary?
Which model of polling has one device assigned as the primary station and all data exchanges are done through the primary?
In the Token-Passing network, the station interface is in two states:
In the Token-Passing network, the station interface is in two states:
Which channelization protocol assigns a frequency to a transmission channel permanently or through hopping?
Which channelization protocol assigns a frequency to a transmission channel permanently or through hopping?
In FDMA, the transmission medium is divided into how many separate frequency bands?
In FDMA, the transmission medium is divided into how many separate frequency bands?
In TDMA, the entire bandwidth capacity is a single channel with its capacity shared in time between how many stations?
In TDMA, the entire bandwidth capacity is a single channel with its capacity shared in time between how many stations?
In CDMA, each station codes its data signal by specific codes before transmission. True or False?
In CDMA, each station codes its data signal by specific codes before transmission. True or False?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for error and flow control?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for error and flow control?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
What type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
What type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
What is throughput?
What is throughput?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
In FDMA, the transmission medium is divided into how many separate frequency bands?
In FDMA, the transmission medium is divided into how many separate frequency bands?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum throughput in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum throughput in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum throughput in the Slotted ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum throughput in the Slotted ALOHA protocol?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
Which type of CSMA protocol reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent?
Which type of CSMA protocol reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent?
Which CSMA protocol has random delays that reduce the probability of collisions?
Which CSMA protocol has random delays that reduce the probability of collisions?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
Which CSMA protocol overcomes the inefficiency of channel wastage by detecting collisions while transmitting?
Which CSMA protocol overcomes the inefficiency of channel wastage by detecting collisions while transmitting?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
What should a station do if it detects a collision during transmission in CSMA/CD?
What should a station do if it detects a collision during transmission in CSMA/CD?
Which method for controlled access provides in order access to the shared medium and eliminates collisions completely?
Which method for controlled access provides in order access to the shared medium and eliminates collisions completely?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
Which type of CSMA protocol reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent?
Which type of CSMA protocol reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
What is the maximum round-trip propagation delay in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum round-trip propagation delay in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
Which channelization protocol assigns a frequency to a transmission channel permanently or through hopping?
Which channelization protocol assigns a frequency to a transmission channel permanently or through hopping?
Which type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
Which type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
What is the maximum throughput in the Slotted ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum throughput in the Slotted ALOHA protocol?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which channelization protocol assigns a frequency to a transmission channel permanently or through hopping?
Which channelization protocol assigns a frequency to a transmission channel permanently or through hopping?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
Which type of CSMA protocol reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent?
Which type of CSMA protocol reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the maximum throughput in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum throughput in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
Which type of CSMA protocol reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent?
Which type of CSMA protocol reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent?
What is the maximum propagation delay (tprop) in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum propagation delay (tprop) in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
Which CSMA protocol has random delays that reduce the probability of collisions?
Which CSMA protocol has random delays that reduce the probability of collisions?
What is the maximum round-trip propagation delay in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum round-trip propagation delay in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
Which CSMA protocol overcomes the inefficiency of channel wastage by detecting collisions while transmitting?
Which CSMA protocol overcomes the inefficiency of channel wastage by detecting collisions while transmitting?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA/CD protocols?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA/CD protocols?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which access method provides in order access to the shared medium and eliminates collisions completely?
Which access method provides in order access to the shared medium and eliminates collisions completely?
In the Reservation Access Method, each cycle begins with a reservation interval that consists of how many minislots?
In the Reservation Access Method, each cycle begins with a reservation interval that consists of how many minislots?
Which method of controlled access uses a primary station and secondary stations for data exchanges?
Which method of controlled access uses a primary station and secondary stations for data exchanges?
In the Polling method, how does the primary station ask secondary stations if they have data to send?
In the Polling method, how does the primary station ask secondary stations if they have data to send?
Which access method uses a free token to allow stations to transmit their frames?
Which access method uses a free token to allow stations to transmit their frames?
In FDMA, the transmission medium is divided into how many separate frequency bands?
In FDMA, the transmission medium is divided into how many separate frequency bands?
In TDMA, the entire bandwidth capacity is a single channel with its capacity shared in time between how many stations?
In TDMA, the entire bandwidth capacity is a single channel with its capacity shared in time between how many stations?
In CDMA, how are transmissions carried simultaneously?
In CDMA, how are transmissions carried simultaneously?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for error and flow control?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for error and flow control?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
What is the maximum throughput in the Slotted ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum throughput in the Slotted ALOHA protocol?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
Which type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
Which type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
What is the maximum throughput in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum throughput in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for framing and MAC address?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for framing and MAC address?
Which CSMA protocol has random delays that reduce the probability of collisions?
Which CSMA protocol has random delays that reduce the probability of collisions?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
Which type of CSMA protocol continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
Which type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
Which type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
Which protocol assigns a frequency to a transmission channel permanently or through hopping?
Which protocol assigns a frequency to a transmission channel permanently or through hopping?
In TDMA, how many stations share the entire bandwidth capacity?
In TDMA, how many stations share the entire bandwidth capacity?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
In the Reservation Access Method, how many minislots are there in the reservation interval?
In the Reservation Access Method, how many minislots are there in the reservation interval?
Which type of access protocol assumes that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
Which type of access protocol assumes that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
What is the maximum propagation delay referred to as in CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum propagation delay referred to as in CSMA protocols?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA/CD protocols?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA/CD protocols?
In CDMA, how are transmissions carried simultaneously?
In CDMA, how are transmissions carried simultaneously?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for error and flow control?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for error and flow control?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?
Which type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
Which type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
What is the maximum propagation delay referred to as in CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum propagation delay referred to as in CSMA protocols?
Which CSMA protocol has random delays that reduce the probability of collisions?
Which CSMA protocol has random delays that reduce the probability of collisions?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
In the Slotted ALOHA protocol, how is time divided?
In the Slotted ALOHA protocol, how is time divided?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
Which protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum throughput occurs at G in Pure ALOHA?
What is the maximum throughput occurs at G in Pure ALOHA?
What is the maximum throughput occurs at G in Slotted ALOHA?
What is the maximum throughput occurs at G in Slotted ALOHA?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the vulnerable time in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the vulnerable time in the Slotted ALOHA protocol?
What is the vulnerable time in the Slotted ALOHA protocol?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
What is the purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme?
Which protocol assigns a frequency to a transmission channel permanently or through hopping?
Which protocol assigns a frequency to a transmission channel permanently or through hopping?
In TDMA, how many stations share the entire bandwidth capacity?
In TDMA, how many stations share the entire bandwidth capacity?
Which type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
Which type of access protocols assume that no station is superior to another and none is assigned control over another?
What should a station do if it detects a collision during transmission in CSMA/CD?
What should a station do if it detects a collision during transmission in CSMA/CD?
In FDMA, the transmission medium is divided into how many separate frequency bands?
In FDMA, the transmission medium is divided into how many separate frequency bands?
In the Token-Passing network, the station interface is in two states:
In the Token-Passing network, the station interface is in two states:
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for framing and MAC address?
Which layer of the data link layer is responsible for framing and MAC address?
Which type of CSMA protocol listens to the medium continuously until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
Which type of CSMA protocol listens to the medium continuously until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1?
What is the purpose of random backoff time in the non-persistent CSMA protocol?
What is the purpose of random backoff time in the non-persistent CSMA protocol?
What is the maximum throughput in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the maximum throughput in the Pure ALOHA protocol?
What is the purpose of the p-persistent CSMA protocol?
What is the purpose of the p-persistent CSMA protocol?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
What is the maximum propagation time referred to as in CSMA protocols?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA/CD protocols?
What is the main inefficiency of CSMA/CD protocols?
What is the main task of Multiple Access Protocols?
What is the main task of Multiple Access Protocols?
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Study Notes
Data Link Layer
- The LLC (Logical Link Control) sublayer is responsible for error and flow control.
- The MAC (Medium Access Control) sublayer is responsible for framing and MAC address.
Multiple Access Protocols
- Multiple Access Protocols (MAPs) manage multiple devices accessing a shared channel to prevent data collisions.
- The main task of MAPs is to coordinate access to the shared medium.
Throughput and Propagation Delay
- Throughput is the rate of successful data transmission over a communication channel.
- Propagation delay is the time it takes for a signal to travel from the sender to the receiver.
Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocols
- The purpose of MAC protocols is to manage access to a shared medium, preventing collisions and ensuring efficient data transmission.
- MAC protocols are used in LANs (Local Area Networks) and WLANs (Wireless Local Area Networks).
CSMA Protocols
- CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) protocols are a type of MAC protocol that listens to the medium before transmitting.
- 1-Persistent CSMA continuously listens to the medium until it becomes idle and then transmits immediately with probability 1.
- Non-Persistent CSMA reduces the possibility of collisions by waiting for a random time before retransmitting.
- P-Persistent CSMA reduces the possibility of collisions like non-persistent and reduces channel idle time like 1-persistent.
- CSMA/CD (Collision Detection) protocol overcomes the inefficiency of channel wastage by detecting collisions while transmitting.
- The main inefficiency of CSMA protocols is channel wastage due to collisions.
ALOHA Protocols
- ALOHA protocol was developed at the University of Hawaii in the early 1970s to connect computers situated on different Hawaiian islands.
- The purpose of random retransmission time in the ALOHA scheme is to reduce the probability of collisions.
- In Pure ALOHA protocol, the maximum round-trip propagation delay is 2tprop.
- In Pure ALOHA protocol, the vulnerable time is 2tprop.
- The maximum throughput in the Pure ALOHA protocol is 18.4%.
- The maximum throughput in the Slotted ALOHA protocol is 36.8%.
Channelization Protocols
- FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) protocol divides the transmission medium into separate frequency bands, assigning each station a separate band.
- TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) protocol shares the entire bandwidth capacity between multiple stations, allocating time slots to each station.
- CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) protocol assigns a unique code to each station, allowing multiple transmissions to occur simultaneously.
Access Methods
- Token-Passing protocol uses a free token to allow stations to transmit their frames.
- In the Reservation Access Method, each cycle begins with a reservation interval that consists of 3 minislots.
- Polling method uses a primary station to ask secondary stations if they have data to send, providing in-order access to the shared medium.
- The primary station assigns a poll to each secondary station in the Polling method.
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