CSF Analysis and Sperm Vitality Questions
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Questions and Answers

What is the normal reference concentration range for protein in CSF?

  • 15-45 mg/dL (correct)
  • 10-30 mg/dL
  • 20-60 mg/dL
  • 25-50 mg/dL

    • What condition is indicated by an increased level of glucose in CSF?

  • Tubercular meningitis
  • Cerebral hemorrhage
  • None (correct)
  • Bacterial meningitis

    • Which condition is NOT associated with elevated CSF protein levels?

  • Recent puncture (correct)
  • Guillain-Barré syndrome
  • Primary CNS tumors
  • Multiple sclerosis

    • A lactate concentration above 35 mg/dL in CSF is most indicative of which condition?

    <p>Bacterial meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If glutamine levels are below the normal range in CSF, what is the significance?

    <p>There is no known significance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for increased levels of IgG in the CSF?

    <p>Production within the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of dead cells indicate when evaluating sperm vitality?

    <p>Decreased motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common disorder that leads to decreased CSF protein levels?

    <p>CSF leakage/trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a decreased glucose concentration in CSF suggest?

    <p>Bacterial, tubercular, or fungal meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the eosin-nigrosin stain in sperm vitality analysis?

    <p>To differentiate live from dead sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How soon after ejaculation should sperm vitality assessment be performed?

    <p>Within 1 hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases can lead to elevated CSF protein levels due to damage to the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Cushing disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of living cells is required for normal sperm vitality?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical reference range for CSF protein levels?

    <p>15 to 45 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might decreased motility with normal sperm count indicate?

    <p>Decreased sperm vitality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage composition of spermatozoa in semen?

    <p>5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal storage temperature for specimens awaiting analysis?

    <p>37°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is preferred for collecting semen specimens?

    <p>Masturbation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of seminal fluid is typically found in semen?

    <p>60%-70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are ordinary condoms not acceptable for semen collection?

    <p>They contain spermicides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tube in a cerebrospinal fluid specimen following a traumatic lumbar puncture will contain the highest concentration of blood?

    <p>Tube 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What appearance of cerebrospinal fluid indicates a possible diagnosis of meningitis?

    <p>Hazy, turbid, milky, or cloudy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major significance of xanthochromic cerebrospinal fluid?

    <p>Disorders affecting the blood-brain barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing the appearance of cerebrospinal fluid?

    <p>Type of therapy administered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does xanthochromia refer to in medical terms?

    <p>Yellow or orange supernatant in CSF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cerebrospinal fluid appearance is characterized by old hemorrhage following a traumatic tap?

    <p>Bloody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of meningitis is characterized by the presence of neutrophils in laboratory findings?

    <p>Bacterial meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of surfactants in the lungs?

    <p>To maintain alveolar integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What laboratory finding is most likely to show a positive gram stain?

    <p>Bacterial meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by the accumulation of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in joints?

    <p>Pseudogout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is described as puncturing a joint to obtain synovial fluid?

    <p>Arthrocentesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of meningitis is indicated by marked elevation in protein levels?

    <p>Bacterial meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of meningitis is glucose level typically found to be normal?

    <p>Viral meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is effusion in a medical context?

    <p>Fluid accumulation between serous membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical range for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein concentration?

    <p>15-45 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which combination of laboratory findings supports a diagnosis of tubercular meningitis?

    <p>Presence of lymphocytes, decreased glucose, and marked elevation in protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does hydrostatic pressure in medical terms function?

    <p>Pressure exerted by a liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines pleocytosis?

    <p>Increase in normal cells in cerebrospinal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group classification is associated with crystal-induced gout?

    <p>Septic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the processing of synovial fluid samples for analysis?

    <p>Centrifuge the sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is classified under inflammatory joint disorders?

    <p>Rheumatoid arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance is used in Tube 2 for cell count and differential count?

    <p>EDTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition falls under the hemorrhagic group classification of joint disorders?

    <p>Traumatic injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of crystal is associated with gout?

    <p>Monosodium urate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the birefringence characteristic of Calcium pyrophosphate crystals?

    <p>Positive birefringence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of crystal is indicated for renal dialysis?

    <p>Calcium oxalate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crystal type requires electron microscopy for identification?

    <p>Apatite (calcium phosphate)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of monosodium urate crystals?

    <p>Needles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of noninflammatory synovial fluid distinguishes it from other types?

    <p>Clear, yellow fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following findings is indicative of septic synovial fluid?

    <p>Positive culture and Gram stain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of crystal-induced synovial fluid?

    <p>Cloudy or milky fluid with crystals present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In order to test for cell counts in synovial fluid, which tube type is required?

    <p>Sodium heparin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is hemorrhagic synovial fluid distinguished from other types?

    <p>Cloudy, red fluid with normal glucose level</p> Signup and view all the answers

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