CSC 1060: Week 12 Classes and OOP Overview

CSC 1060: Classes and OOP

• Objectives: Utilize built-in classes, understand data encapsulation, apply class abstraction for software solutions, and recognize inheritance for simplified implementations of related classes. Recognize situations needing abstract base classes allowing later implementation of classes sharing underlying functions.

Agenda: Week 12

• 1. OOP: Overview of object-oriented programming principles.
• 2. Objects and Member Functions: Details of objects and their associated functions.
• 3. Intro OOP Concepts: Fundamental ideas in object-oriented programming.
• 4. ADT: Abstract Data Types: Abstract Data Types (ADTs).
• 5. Object Oriented Programming: OOP: Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming.
• 6. ADT – Abstract Data Type: Class: Detailed explanation of ADTs, focusing on classes.
• 7. 4 Pillars of OOP: Four key principles of Object-Oriented Programming – Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, and Polymorphism.
• 8. Demo: Date Class PythonTutor: Demonstrating a date class using PythonTutor.
• 9. Inheritance: Concept of inheritance in programming when a new class is derived from an existing class. The "is-a" relationship defining hierarchical relationships between classes.
• 10. Demo: Employee is a Person: Demonstration illustrating a "is a" relationship defining the composition of classes.
• 11. Polymorphism: The ability of an object to take on many forms.
• 12. TODO & Resources for Help: Tasks and resources for further learning.

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

• Classes: Create custom data types (ADTs) wrapping data and functionality around a central concept, enhancing reusability. Data is kept private with public functions to interact with the data.
• Data Encapsulation: Data is hidden within the class, and interactions are handled through functions, improving data integrity.
• Data Members: Data attributes belong to an object. Kept private generally.
• Modifier Functions/Methods (setters): Functions to modify the internal data. Typically verify input data to assure the internal data integrity. Usually a method of class that sets a data member in an object.
• Accessor Functions/Methods (getters): Functions for accessing internal data.
• Constructors: Functions specific to the class name used to initialize object data members and create an object of a class, often with no parameters (default) and sometimes with parameters (parameterized).

Abstract Data Types (ADTs)

• User-Defined Types (UDTs): New data types developed from a previously defined type (ADT)
• Characteristics (Fields): The attributes or data members.
• Operations (Behaviors): Functions which operate on the data members, often modifying them.

Data Members (Example - Date Class)

• Data members (e.g., month, day, year) are kept private, protecting data integrity.
• Default access is private unless specified.

Constructors (Example - Date Class)

• Constructors have same name as class, are used to create and initialize objects.
• Default constructors have no parameters.
• Parameterized constructors have parameters to initialize objects with specific values.

Modifier Member Functions (Example - Date Class)

• Functions modify internal date data members.
• Validate input to ensure data integrity (e.g., month must be within 1-12).

Accessor Member Functions (Example - Date Class)

• Retrieve data members (e.g., get day, month, year)
• Constant functions to prevent data modifications.

Four Pillars of OOP

• Encapsulation
• Abstraction
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism

Inheritance

• A new class created from an existing class. "is-a" relationship.
• The child class "knows" its parent and its parent's behaviors.
• The parent class may not be aware of child classes.
• A subclass inherits data members and functions (except constructors), allowing code reuse.

Inheritance Terms

• Parent/Super/Base Class
• Child/Sub/Derived Class

Employee Class

• Employee "is a" Person
• Employees have additional attributes like title, start date, and salary.
• Demonstrates composition and inheritance (relating class objects to other classes).

Polymorphism

• Objects can take on multiple forms.
• Same named functions can have different implementations.
• Parent objects can call child object functions, allowing varying behavior, depending on the specific child class.

Week 12 Pre-Work

• Post weekly discussion question and solution in D2L.
• Complete the Week 12 content module to a score of 100 percent.

Help/Tutoring Resources

• Student Office Hours (By Appointment or Drop-In)
• Email: For questions or appointments.
• RRCC On-Campus Tutoring
• 24/7 Online Tutoring (D2L)

This quiz covers the fundamentals of object-oriented programming (OOP) as studied in CSC 1060. Topics include encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and the four key principles of OOP. Test your understanding of classes and abstract data types in software solutions.