Day 5 Hum Finals

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Questions and Answers

What event in 1054 CE led to the official split between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches?

The Edict of Milan

The Investiture Controversy

The Council of Nicaea

The Great Schism (correct)

Which empire was threatened by the Seljuk Turks during the Crusades?

Byzantine Empire (correct)

Roman Empire

Mongol Empire

Ottoman Empire

Which city did the Byzantine Empire request help in protecting during the Crusades?

Athens

Rome

Constantinople (correct)

Jerusalem

Who did the Byzantine Empire specifically request aid from during the Crusades?

The Pope Signup and view all the answers

Who agreed to help the Byzantine Empire in protecting Constantinople during the Crusades?

Pope Urban II Signup and view all the answers

What is the other name for the official split between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches?

The Great Schism Signup and view all the answers

Which Islamic empire posed a threat to the Byzantine Empire during the Crusades?

Seljuk Turks Signup and view all the answers

What did the Byzantine Empire request aid for from Western Europe during the Crusades?

Protecting Constantinople Signup and view all the answers

Despite being an Orthodox denomination, who did the Byzantine Empire request help from during the Crusades?

The Pope Signup and view all the answers

What was the key city for the Byzantine Empire's own position that they needed help protecting?

Constantinople Signup and view all the answers

Which empire accidentally began the Crusades?

Byzantine Empire Signup and view all the answers

What did the Byzantine Empire fear the most during the Crusades?

East Islams Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the motivations for the Crusades?

Reuniting Christianity under the Pope/Bishop of Rome Signup and view all the answers

What was a common enemy for rival knights and lords that contributed to the motivation for the Crusades?

Seljuk Turks Signup and view all the answers

What did the Pope offer to crusading knights as a motivation for the Crusades?

Salvation Signup and view all the answers

What was a religious motivation for the Crusades?

Significant time off purgatory and plenary indulgence for sins Signup and view all the answers

What were the financial sacrifices made for crusades equivalent to?

2 years' wages Signup and view all the answers

Who started the Crusades?

The Pope Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal difference between the Byzantine and Pope Urban regarding the Crusades?

Defend vs. retake Jerusalem Signup and view all the answers

What was the route of the first crusade from Western Europe to Jerusalem?

Peasants Crusade Signup and view all the answers

What were the consequences of the first crusade?

Disease, massacres, and power shifts to Western Europe Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East?

Richard the Lionheart's failed attempt to conquer Jerusalem Signup and view all the answers

What was the other name for the official split between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches?

The Great Schism Signup and view all the answers

Which city did the Byzantine Empire request help in protecting during the Crusades?

Constantinople Signup and view all the answers

Who agreed to help the Byzantine Empire in protecting Constantinople during the Crusades?

Pope Urban II Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East?

They failed to maintain control in the Middle East Signup and view all the answers

Which Islamic empire posed a threat to the Byzantine Empire during the Crusades?

Seljuk Turks Signup and view all the answers

Who started the Crusades?

Pope Urban II Signup and view all the answers

What did the Byzantine Empire fear the most during the Crusades?

Threat from the Seljuk Turks Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the motivations for the Crusades?

Religious fervor and desire to reclaim the Holy Land Signup and view all the answers

What were the consequences of the first crusade?

Capture of Jerusalem by the Crusaders Signup and view all the answers

What is the other name for the split between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches?

The Great Schism Signup and view all the answers

What did the Pope offer to crusading knights as a motivation for the Crusades?

Indulgences and forgiveness of sins Signup and view all the answers

What was the key city for the Byzantine Empire's own position that they needed help protecting?

Constantinople Signup and view all the answers

What were Pope Urban's reasons for initiating the Crusades?

To fix the Schism and unite Christianity under the Pope Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant cost of going on a crusade?

Requiring people to sell or mortgage their lands Signup and view all the answers

What did crusaders who fought in the Holy Land receive as a promise?

Salvation and plenary indulgence Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East by 1300?

The recapture of Jerusalem by Islamic empires Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Crusades on Constantinople?

The sack of the city by crusaders in 1204 and tension between East and West Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Richard the Lionheart's attempt to conquer Jerusalem in the Third Crusade?

Failed attempt to conquer Jerusalem Signup and view all the answers

What contributed to the failure of the Crusader Kingdoms in the ancient Near East?

Internal disagreements and instability Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Crusades on Western Europe and the Mediterranean?

Disease, massacres, and power shifts Signup and view all the answers

What emerged as a result of the Crusades in terms of religious groups?

Heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians Signup and view all the answers

What was the motivation behind the persecution and massacre of Jews in Western Europe during the Crusades?

Blamed for the death of Jesus Signup and view all the answers

What was the reason for the formation of the Crusader Kingdoms in the ancient Near East?

To create a buffer zone between Europe and the Islamic empires Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the efforts of the Dominicans in response to heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians?

To educate and correct them Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Pope Urban's reasons for initiating the Crusades?

To unite Christianity under the Pope Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant cost of going on a crusade?

Requiring people to sell or mortgage their lands Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Crusades on Constantinople?

It caused tension between East and West and the sack of the city by crusaders Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East by 1300?

European control was completely lost Signup and view all the answers

What emerged as a result of the Crusades in terms of religious groups?

The emergence of heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians Signup and view all the answers

Who was threatened by the Seljuk Turks during the Crusades?

The Byzantine Empire Signup and view all the answers

What was the official name for the split between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches in 1054 CE?

The Great Schism Signup and view all the answers

Who did the Byzantine Empire request aid from Western Europe to protect Constantinople, despite their religious differences?

Pope Urban II Signup and view all the answers

What was the key city that the Byzantine Empire needed help protecting during the Crusades?

Constantinople Signup and view all the answers

What was the reason for the Byzantine Empire's request for aid from Western Europe during the Crusades, despite the religious split?

They were threatened by the Seljuk Turks and needed help protecting Constantinople Signup and view all the answers

Who agreed to help the Byzantine Empire in protecting Constantinople during the Crusades?

Pope Urban II Signup and view all the answers

What was the other name for the split between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches in 1054 CE?

The Great Schism Signup and view all the answers

Who did the Byzantine Empire request aid for from Western Europe during the Crusades, despite their religious differences?

Pope Urban II Signup and view all the answers

What was the official name for the split between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches in 1054 CE?

The Great Schism Signup and view all the answers

What was the reason for the Byzantine Empire's request for aid from Western Europe during the Crusades, despite the religious split?

They were threatened by the Seljuk Turks and needed help protecting Constantinople Signup and view all the answers

What were the motivations behind Pope Urban's initiation of the Crusades and how did they impact the European society and Middle East region?

Pope Urban initiated the Crusades to fix the Schism, unite Christianity under the Pope, and provide a common enemy for rival knights and lords. The impact included significant financial sacrifices, promise of salvation and plenary indulgence for crusaders, formation and failure of Crusader Kingdoms, recapture of Jerusalem by Islamic empires, and the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East by 1300. Signup and view all the answers

What were the consequences and failures associated with the formation of the Crusader Kingdoms in the ancient Near East?

The Crusader Kingdoms ultimately failed due to internal disagreements and instability, leading to the recapture of Jerusalem by Islamic empires in 1187. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the impact of the Crusades on Constantinople and the tension between East and West.

The impact included the sack of the city by crusaders in 1204 and heightened tension between the Eastern and Western branches of Christianity. Signup and view all the answers

What were the events and outcomes related to Richard the Lionheart's attempt to conquer Jerusalem in the Third Crusade?

Richard the Lionheart's attempt ultimately failed, and it marked the end of European control in the Middle East by 1300. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the emergence of heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians and the efforts made to educate and correct them.

The Crusades led to the emergence of heretical groups, and the Dominicans made efforts to educate and correct them. Signup and view all the answers

Discuss the disastrous consequences of the Crusades on Western Europe and the Mediterranean.

The Crusades led to disastrous consequences including disease, massacres, and power shifts in Western Europe and the Mediterranean. Signup and view all the answers

What were the religious motivations for crusaders and what promises were made to them for fighting in the Holy Land?

Crusaders were motivated by the promise of salvation and plenary indulgence for fighting in the Holy Land. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Crusades impact the Jewish population in Western Europe and who supported the persecution and massacre of Jews during that time?

The Crusades led to the persecution and massacre of Jews in Western Europe, which was not supported by the pope. Signup and view all the answers

Outline the significant financial sacrifices made by individuals going on a crusade and the impact on their lands.

People had to sell or mortgage their lands in order to afford the significant cost of going on a crusade. Signup and view all the answers

What were the various routes of the Crusades and when did the first batch of Crusades begin?

The first batch of Crusades began in 1095 in Western Europe, and there were various routes taken by the Crusaders. Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The split between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches in 1054 CE is also known as 'The Great Schism'

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Byzantine Empire requested aid from Western Europe to protect Constantinople despite their religious differences

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Byzantine Empire accidentally began the Crusades

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Byzantine Empire was threatened by the Seljuk Turks during the Crusades

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Byzantine Empire, despite being Orthodox, requested aid from the Pope for assistance

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Byzantine Empire was in a difficult position and squeezed from both sides during the Crusades

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Byzantine Empire claimed to be the one true church of Jesus Christ

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Crusades were at one of the lowest points in the history of the Byzantine Empire

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Pope agreed to help the Byzantine Empire protect Constantinople during the Crusades

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The split between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches in 1054 CE marked the official break between the two religions

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Crusades were initiated by a king and took a religious turn?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Crusaders who fought in the Holy Land were promised salvation and plenary indulgence?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Kingdom of Jerusalem failed to recapture Jerusalem from Islamic empires in 1187?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Crusades had no impact on Constantinople and there was no tension between East and West?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The persecution and massacre of Jews in Western Europe during the Crusades was supported by the pope?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The efforts of the Dominicans to educate and correct heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians were unsuccessful?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Crusades had no disastrous consequences, disease, massacres, or power shifts in Western Europe and the Mediterranean?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Crusader Kingdoms in the ancient Near East ultimately failed due to external agreements and stability?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Richard the Lionheart successfully conquered Jerusalem in the Third Crusade?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: European control in the Middle East had completely ended by 1300 as a result of the Crusades?

True Signup and view all the answers

Despite being an Orthodox denomination, who did the Byzantine Empire request help from during the Crusades?

Western Europe Signup and view all the answers

Outline the significant financial sacrifices made by individuals going on a crusade and the impact on their lands.

Individuals had to give up significant amounts of money and property, which impacted their own economic stability and power. Signup and view all the answers

What was a religious motivation for the Crusades?

To reclaim the Holy Land and protect Christian pilgrims Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Crusades on Western Europe and the Mediterranean?

The Crusades led to cultural, economic, and political changes in Western Europe and the Mediterranean region. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the efforts of the Dominicans in response to heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians?

The Dominicans played a role in combating heretical groups through preaching, teaching, and inquisition. Signup and view all the answers

What did crusaders who fought in the Holy Land receive as a promise?

They were promised salvation and plenary indulgence. Signup and view all the answers

What was the key city for the Byzantine Empire's own position that they needed help protecting?

Constantinople Signup and view all the answers

Who did the Byzantine Empire request aid from Western Europe to protect Constantinople, despite their religious differences?

Pope Urban II Signup and view all the answers

What was a religious motivation for the Crusades?

To reclaim the Holy Land and protect Christian pilgrims Signup and view all the answers

Who started the Crusades?

The Byzantine Empire Signup and view all the answers

Richard the Lionheart's failed attempt to conquer ______ in the Third Crusade and the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East by 1300

Jerusalem Signup and view all the answers

The significant cost of going on a ______, requiring people to sell or mortgage their lands

crusade Signup and view all the answers

The recapture of Jerusalem by ______ in 1187, leading to the failure of the Kingdom of Jerusalem

Islamic empires Signup and view all the answers

The formation of the ______ in the ancient Near East, which ultimately failed due to internal disagreements and instability

Crusader Kingdoms Signup and view all the answers

The persecution and massacre of ______ in Western Europe during the Crusades, not supported by the pope

Jews Signup and view all the answers

The emergence of ______ like the Albegensians and Waldensians, and the efforts of the Dominicans to educate and correct them

heretical groups Signup and view all the answers

The significant cost of going on a crusade, requiring people to sell or mortgage their ______

lands Signup and view all the answers

The disastrous consequences of the ______, including disease, massacres, and power shifts in Western Europe and the Mediterranean

Crusades Signup and view all the answers

The various ______ of the Crusades, with the first batch beginning in 1095 in Western Europe

routes Signup and view all the answers

The impact of the Crusades on ______, including the sack of the city by crusaders in 1204 and the tension between East and West

Constantinople Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Motivations for the Crusades

Pope Urban hopes to reunite Christianity under the Pope/Bishop of Rome by aiding the Byzantine empire
A common enemy for rival knights and lords, the Seljuk Turks, to prevent attacks by disloyal knights
The Pope wants to focus on the Islamic enemy and offers salvation to crusading knights
Religious motivation for crusades, with significant time off purgatory and plenary indulgence for sins
Financial sacrifices made for crusades, with costs equivalent to 2 years' wages
Crusades started by the Pope and turned into a religious war
The first crusade consisted of an army of 100,000 volunteers sent to aid the Byzantine empire
A difference in goals between the Byzantine and Urban: defend vs. retake Jerusalem
"Peasants Crusade" and the route of the first crusade from Western Europe to Jerusalem
Disastrous 4 years of the first crusade: disease, massacres, and power shifts to Western Europe
Establishment and subsequent failure of the Crusader Kingdoms in the ancient Near East
Impact of the Crusades on Constantinople and the West, including the sack of Constantinople by crusaders

Crusades and Their Failures

Richard the Lionheart's failed attempt to conquer Jerusalem and the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East

The Motivations and Impact of the Crusades

Pope Urban's reasons for initiating the Crusades: fix the Schism, unite Christianity under the Pope, and provide a common enemy for rival knights and lords
The Crusades were not started by a king, but by the pope, and took a religious turn
The significant cost of going on a crusade, requiring people to sell or mortgage their lands
The promise of salvation and plenary indulgence for crusaders who fought in the Holy Land
The various routes of the Crusades, with the first batch beginning in 1095 in Western Europe
The formation of the Crusader Kingdoms in the ancient Near East, which ultimately failed due to internal disagreements and instability
The recapture of Jerusalem by Islamic empires in 1187, leading to the failure of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
Richard the Lionheart's failed attempt to conquer Jerusalem in the Third Crusade and the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East by 1300
The impact of the Crusades on Constantinople, including the sack of the city by crusaders in 1204 and the tension between East and West
The persecution and massacre of Jews in Western Europe during the Crusades, not supported by the pope
The emergence of heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians, and the efforts of the Dominicans to educate and correct them
The disastrous consequences of the Crusades, including disease, massacres, and power shifts in Western Europe and the Mediterranean

The Motivations and Impact of the Crusades

Pope Urban's reasons for initiating the Crusades: fix the Schism, unite Christianity under the Pope, and provide a common enemy for rival knights and lords
The Crusades were not started by a king, but by the pope, and took a religious turn
The significant cost of going on a crusade, requiring people to sell or mortgage their lands
The promise of salvation and plenary indulgence for crusaders who fought in the Holy Land
The various routes of the Crusades, with the first batch beginning in 1095 in Western Europe
The formation of the Crusader Kingdoms in the ancient Near East, which ultimately failed due to internal disagreements and instability
The recapture of Jerusalem by Islamic empires in 1187, leading to the failure of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
Richard the Lionheart's failed attempt to conquer Jerusalem in the Third Crusade and the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East by 1300
The impact of the Crusades on Constantinople, including the sack of the city by crusaders in 1204 and the tension between East and West
The persecution and massacre of Jews in Western Europe during the Crusades, not supported by the pope
The emergence of heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians, and the efforts of the Dominicans to educate and correct them
The disastrous consequences of the Crusades, including disease, massacres, and power shifts in Western Europe and the Mediterranean

The Motivations and Impact of the Crusades

Pope Urban's reasons for initiating the Crusades: fix the Schism, unite Christianity under the Pope, and provide a common enemy for rival knights and lords
The Crusades were not started by a king, but by the pope, and took a religious turn
The significant cost of going on a crusade, requiring people to sell or mortgage their lands
The promise of salvation and plenary indulgence for crusaders who fought in the Holy Land
The various routes of the Crusades, with the first batch beginning in 1095 in Western Europe
The formation of the Crusader Kingdoms in the ancient Near East, which ultimately failed due to internal disagreements and instability
The recapture of Jerusalem by Islamic empires in 1187, leading to the failure of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
Richard the Lionheart's failed attempt to conquer Jerusalem in the Third Crusade and the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East by 1300
The impact of the Crusades on Constantinople, including the sack of the city by crusaders in 1204 and the tension between East and West
The persecution and massacre of Jews in Western Europe during the Crusades, not supported by the pope
The emergence of heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians, and the efforts of the Dominicans to educate and correct them
The disastrous consequences of the Crusades, including disease, massacres, and power shifts in Western Europe and the Mediterranean

The Motivations and Impact of the Crusades

Pope Urban's reasons for initiating the Crusades: fix the Schism, unite Christianity under the Pope, and provide a common enemy for rival knights and lords
The Crusades were not started by a king, but by the pope, and took a religious turn
The significant cost of going on a crusade, requiring people to sell or mortgage their lands
The promise of salvation and plenary indulgence for crusaders who fought in the Holy Land
The various routes of the Crusades, with the first batch beginning in 1095 in Western Europe
The formation of the Crusader Kingdoms in the ancient Near East, which ultimately failed due to internal disagreements and instability
The recapture of Jerusalem by Islamic empires in 1187, leading to the failure of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
Richard the Lionheart's failed attempt to conquer Jerusalem in the Third Crusade and the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East by 1300
The impact of the Crusades on Constantinople, including the sack of the city by crusaders in 1204 and the tension between East and West
The persecution and massacre of Jews in Western Europe during the Crusades, not supported by the pope
The emergence of heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians, and the efforts of the Dominicans to educate and correct them
The disastrous consequences of the Crusades, including disease, massacres, and power shifts in Western Europe and the Mediterranean

The Motivations and Impact of the Crusades

Pope Urban's reasons for initiating the Crusades: fix the Schism, unite Christianity under the Pope, and provide a common enemy for rival knights and lords
The Crusades were not started by a king, but by the pope, and took a religious turn
The significant cost of going on a crusade, requiring people to sell or mortgage their lands
The promise of salvation and plenary indulgence for crusaders who fought in the Holy Land
The various routes of the Crusades, with the first batch beginning in 1095 in Western Europe
The formation of the Crusader Kingdoms in the ancient Near East, which ultimately failed due to internal disagreements and instability
The recapture of Jerusalem by Islamic empires in 1187, leading to the failure of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
Richard the Lionheart's failed attempt to conquer Jerusalem in the Third Crusade and the ultimate end of European control in the Middle East by 1300
The impact of the Crusades on Constantinople, including the sack of the city by crusaders in 1204 and the tension between East and West
The persecution and massacre of Jews in Western Europe during the Crusades, not supported by the pope
The emergence of heretical groups like the Albegensians and Waldensians, and the efforts of the Dominicans to educate and correct them
The disastrous consequences of the Crusades, including disease, massacres, and power shifts in Western Europe and the Mediterranean

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Description

Test your knowledge of the motivations and failures of the Crusades with this quiz. Explore the religious, political, and financial factors that drove the Crusades, as well as the impact of these military expeditions on the ancient Near East and Europe. Delve into the reasons behind the Crusades' failures, including Richard the Lionheart's unsuccessful attempt to conquer Jerusalem.