The Crusades: Economic and Cultural Impact

In Europe, the Crusades led to economic expansion, increased trade and use of money, undermining serfdom and leading to prosperity of northern Italian cities. They increased the power of monarchs and, briefly, of the papacy. In the Middle East, Muslim regimes united to fight the invaders and began to reunify the region under Saladin.

It led to the call for help from the Byzantine emperor and thus to the Crusades.

<p>Crusaders brought goods and ideas back, trade increased with a money economy, undermining serfdom, and ships used for the Crusades became available for trade and exploration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was less unified than many and, in some ways, less advanced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A people who migrated from Central Asia to the Middle East, converted to Islam, and created an empire that included the Holy Land and most of the former Byzantine lands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their conflicts with the Byzantines prevented Christian pilgrims from traveling to the Holy Land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Religious zeal, escaping troubles, adventure, and for some, the hope of winning wealth, land, power, and fame.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atrocities on both sides and unresolved claims over the Holy City of Jerusalem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contact with goods and merchants from other lands and travel to other lands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They hated the idea and tried to drive the Muslims out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By the marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their combined forces were successful in driving the Muslims from Spain and in bringing religious unity by persecuting and driving out non-Christians.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He claimed supremacy over all rulers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A series of wars from the 1000s through the 1200s in which European Christians tried to win control of the Holy Land from Muslims.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jerusalem and other places in Palestine where Christians believe Jesus had lived and preached.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He called for the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During the 1400s, the campaign by European Christians to drive the Muslims from present-day Spain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monarchs of Spain who forced the Moors out of Spain with the Reconquista and instituted the Inquisition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Learning included the rise of universities and interest in ancient Greek and Muslim learning; literature saw heroic epics and works by Dante and Chaucer; art featured Gothic style and religious themes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They would encourage the spread of ideas and a blending of local cultures into a more general European culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle taught that people should use reason to discover truth, whereas the Church taught that faith and the Church were the final authority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People could understand the stories, whose heroes embodied their own ideals.</p> Signup and view all the answers