Critical Reasoning Skills Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a key component of critical reasoning?

Ignoring contradictory evidence

Relying solely on personal opinion

Seeing both sides of an issue (correct)

Prioritizing emotions over evidence

What is necessary for participants to effectively engage in critical reasoning?

Using complex jargon without clarity

Collecting only supporting evidence

Identifying strong and weak arguments (correct)

Avoiding discussions that challenge beliefs

What does critical reasoning require from individuals regarding their beliefs?

Avoiding any opposing viewpoints

Clinging to long-held beliefs

Promoting a singular perspective

Embracing new evidence that disconfirms ideas (correct)

What process should participants engage in to enhance their critical reasoning skills?

Deducing and inferring from available facts Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial step in constructing a strong argument?

Demanding that claims be backed up with evidence Signup and view all the answers

What type of fallacy is demonstrated by stating that going to the bathroom improved the Brazilian team's performance?

Mistaken causality Signup and view all the answers

Which fallacy is involved when an argument dismisses someone’s input based on their age?

Argumentum ad hominem Signup and view all the answers

What is the logical flaw in claiming that if guns are banned, cars should also be banned because both can cause harm?

Incorrect comparison Signup and view all the answers

What type of argument is demonstrated by linking personal experience with a general advice against tequila?

Anecdotal argument Signup and view all the answers

Which component of Toulmin's model does the statement 'Harry is British' exemplify?

Claim Signup and view all the answers

What is the credit value of the Thinking in Action I module?

3 ECTS Signup and view all the answers

Which semester and block is the Thinking in Action I module offered?

Semester 1 / Block 2 Signup and view all the answers

Who is one of the coordinators of the Thinking in Action I module?

Ms Wypkje van der Heide Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the course content for Thinking in Action I?

It emphasizes interactive processes among participants. Signup and view all the answers

Which year of the programme is the Thinking in Action I module designed for?

Year 1 FYP Signup and view all the answers

What is the main method of teaching used in the Thinking in Action I module?

Workshops Signup and view all the answers

What role do the lecturers play in the critical thinking process taught in this module?

They participate interactively with students. Signup and view all the answers

How long does the Thinking in Action I module last?

7 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What does 'disposition' refer to in the context of critical thinking?

An individual's attitude towards engagement with the world Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the initial self-rating score in critical thinking?

To provide a starting point for measuring changes in critical thinking over time Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'cognitive bias'?

A systematic error in thinking that affects decisions and judgments Signup and view all the answers

According to the referenced documentary, why does money complicate decision making?

It can create emotional stress and anxiety Signup and view all the answers

What does the Toulmin method focus on?

Constructing and deconstructing arguments Signup and view all the answers

In which aspect is self-reflection recommended to improve critical thinking?

It allows for a deeper understanding of personal attitudes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a likely effect of demographic factors on self-rating scores in critical thinking?

They can skew perceptions of one's critical thinking abilities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes System 1 thinking as outlined in the documentary?

It is fast and instinctive, often driven by emotions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reasoning behind choosing to attend the concert after purchasing the ticket?

The concert ticket is considered a sunk cost. Signup and view all the answers

How does mental accounting affect decision-making in the scenarios presented?

It keeps the mental file for costs open until benefits are received. Signup and view all the answers

In the first situation where the ticket costs $100, what psychological effect might the individual experience if they choose to skip the concert?

Cognitive dissonance. Signup and view all the answers

What is the rational approach to deciding whether to attend the concert or not?

Attend only if it provides the greatest benefit. Signup and view all the answers

What behavior do most individuals exhibit regarding sunk costs according to Clikeman and Stevens?

They factor in the sunk cost leading to biased decision-making. Signup and view all the answers

What might be a consequence of remaining attached to the sunk cost of the concert ticket?

Perpetuation of cognitive dissonance. Signup and view all the answers

Which situation could best demonstrate the concept of mental accounting?

Deciding to go to a concert after spending money on a ticket. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the two scenarios regarding the concert ticket?

One ticket is won and the other is purchased. Signup and view all the answers

What does the rebuttal in Toulmin's model primarily address?

The exceptions to the claim and counterpoints Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the qualifier in Toulmin's argument model?

It outlines the limitations of the claim Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes System 1 thinking as described by Kahneman et al.?

Effortless and spontaneous cognitive processing Signup and view all the answers

What does a rebuttal question often probe in Toulmin's structure?

Whether the claim can be universally accepted Signup and view all the answers

How does System 1 thinking relate to cognitive biases?

It is prone to shortcuts that may oversimplify decisions Signup and view all the answers

What implication does the qualifier have when added to a claim in Toulmin's argument?

It introduces complexity to the claim's acceptance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of System 1 thinking?

It involves careful evaluation of all options Signup and view all the answers

In Toulmin's model, what does the phrase 'What does the rebuttal mean for the formulation of the claim?' imply about the rebuttal?

It could potentially reshape how the claim is understood Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to Critical Thinking

This module introduces critical thinking, a key skill for international business students.
It emphasizes processes like considering different perspectives, demanding evidence for claims, and logical reasoning.
The creators acknowledge contributions from colleagues at Avans Hogeschool.

Module Description

The module, Thinking in Action 1, is a 3 ECTS course (IB-P101-18).
It spans semester 1, block 2.
The course has 7 weeks of workshops.
Coordinated by Ms. Wypkje van der Heide and Ms. Nanna Freeman.
Critical thinking involves actively engaging with issues, considering different points of view, and using logical reasoning.
It emphasizes understanding System 1 (fast thinking) and System 2 (slow thinking), and their role in daily life's thoughts and decisions.

Learning Outcomes

PLO1: Identifying the components of an argument (Toulmin)
PLO1, PLO4: Recognizing argument components.
PLO1: Classifying errors in thinking.

Course Material

An online syllabus will be available via Brightspace before the start of the module.
Pre-work tasks are online and posted on Brightspace.
They take approximately 4-6 hours each week.
Workshops are 2 hours weekly.
The overall course comprises 84 hours.

Weekly Planning

A weekly schedule of critical thinking themes is offered across the semester.
- Each week has a specific topic or theme related to critical thinking.

Homework Planner

A timetable to keep track of homework assignments and deadlines in organized format.

Thinking in Action: Argumentation and Reasoning

The Toulmin method is introduced.
This method helps construct and analyze arguments, clarifying claims and reasoning.
- It outlines the structure of an argument (claim, grounds, warrant, qualifier, rebuttal).
Examples of the Toulmin method are provided.
- Including examples of how to apply grounds, warrants, claims, rebuttals and qualifiers in specific scenarios.
The module differentiates between deductive and inductive reasoning, and their applications in arguments.

Reasoning (Heuristics, Biases, Fallacies)

Introduces reasoning concepts like heuristics, cognitive biases, and fallacies.
System 1 and System 2 thinking are important concepts for understanding how reasoning occurs.
- Recognizing that these biases may affect business decisions.
- The module uses cognitive biases like anchoring and negativity bias to explore reasoning.

Critical Thinking Disposition Self-Rating Form

A form for students to self-assess their critical thinking disposition over a period of two days.
- Scoring is provided to help them understand their characteristics.
This form is designed to assist them with assessing their cognitive biases more effectively.

Additional Information

Explains how to use the syllabus and provides meta data.
Explains what each symbol within the syllabus means.

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Description

Test your knowledge of critical reasoning principles and fallacies with this quiz. Explore key components necessary for effective reasoning and enhance your skills in constructing strong arguments. Dive into the nuances of Toulmin's model and understand various logical fallacies.