Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What is the main focus of sociobiologists in explaining crime and deviance?
What is one of the hypotheses of biological theories of crime?
What is the 'XYY' theory in biological theories of crime?
What is a limitation of biological theories of crime?
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What do psychological theories of crime focus on?
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What is a critique of biological theories of crime?
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What is a characteristic of people with 'squarish, muscular' bodies according to biological theories of crime?
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What is an assumption of psychological theories of crime?
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What is a limitation of psychological theories of crime?
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What is a common thread among biological and psychological theories of crime?
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What is a criticism of biological theories of crime?
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What is true about the relationship between childhood experiences and outcomes?
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What is an example of a violent crime?
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Which type of crime is the most frequent?
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What is an example of a property crime?
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What is the term used to describe nonviolent crimes committed by people in positions of authority?
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Who coined the term 'white-collar crime'?
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What is an example of corporate crime?
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Why are white collar crimes often linked with commercial and government corruption?
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What type of crime is often committed by the affluent classes?
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What is a particular type of white-collar crime?
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Study Notes
Types of Crime
- Juvenile crime: committed by people of younger age
- Violent crime: most dangerous, includes crimes against people, such as robbery, aggravated assault, forcible rape, and homicide
- Property crime: more frequent, includes burglary, larceny-theft, motor theft, and arson
- White collar crime: nonviolent, committed by people in positions of authority or control, includes fraud, theft, and insider trading
Biological Theories of Crime and Deviance
- Seek explanations for deviation within people, focusing on genetic predispositions
- Hypotheses:
- Body type: "squarish, muscular" physique may lead to street crime
- Intelligence: low intelligence may lead to crime
- The "XYY" theory: an extra Y chromosome in males may lead to criminality
- Criticisms: most people with these traits do not commit crimes, and the explanations do not apply to female criminals
Psychological Theories of Crime and Deviance
- Focus on individual's aberrations, personality disorders, and subconscious motivations
- Assume deviant personalities are present in deviant people, but no particular childhood event is always associated with deviation
- No specific personality trait is linked to deviation
White Collar Crime
- First described by Edwin Sutherland in 1949 as crimes committed by respectable and well-to-do individuals in their line of work
- Examples: fraud, theft, and insider trading, as well as corporate crime and income tax evasion
- Often linked to commercial and government corruption in countries like Pakistan
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Description
This quiz covers different types of crime, including juvenile, violent, property, and white collar crime, as well as biological theories of crime and deviance.
