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Questions and Answers
Which criminology theory focuses on the role of social and environmental factors in crime?
Which theory believes that crime is a result of the inability to achieve socially approved goals?
Which criminology theory emphasizes the importance of community and social institutions in preventing crime?
Who is a key figure associated with the Social Learning Theory?
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Which theory believes that people make rational choices to commit crimes?
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Which theory focuses on the role of social labels and stigma in shaping criminal behavior?
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What is the main idea behind Lombroso's Theory of Atavism?
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Which of the following is a modern biological theory that suggests a link between criminal behavior and genetics?
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What is the name of the theory that proposes that body types are associated with different personality traits and criminal tendencies?
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What is the study of gene expression and how environmental factors can affect genetic traits, which may influence criminal behavior?
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Which biological theory suggests that abnormalities in brain structure and function may contribute to criminal behavior?
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What is the main idea behind Biosocial Theories?
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Study Notes
Criminology Theories
Classical Theory
- Focuses on individual responsibility and free will
- Believes that people make rational choices to commit crimes
- Emphasizes punishment as a deterrent to crime
- Key figures: Cesare Beccaria, Jeremy Bentham
Positivist Theory
- Focuses on the role of social and environmental factors in crime
- Believes that crime is caused by factors outside of individual control
- Emphasizes rehabilitation and treatment of offenders
- Key figures: Cesare Lombroso, Enrico Ferri
Chicago School Theory
- Focuses on the role of social disorganization and urbanization in crime
- Believes that crime is a result of social and economic changes in urban areas
- Emphasizes the importance of community and social institutions in preventing crime
- Key figures: Robert Park, Ernest Burgess, Robert Merton
Strain Theory
- Focuses on the role of social strain and anomie in crime
- Believes that crime is a result of the inability to achieve socially approved goals
- Emphasizes the importance of social structure and institutions in preventing crime
- Key figures: Robert Merton, Albert Cohen
Social Learning Theory
- Focuses on the role of learning and imitation in crime
- Believes that people learn to commit crimes by observing and imitating others
- Emphasizes the importance of social environment and peer groups in shaping criminal behavior
- Key figures: Edwin Sutherland, Ronald Akers
Control Theory
- Focuses on the role of social bonds and control in preventing crime
- Believes that people are more likely to commit crimes when they lack strong social bonds and controls
- Emphasizes the importance of family, school, and community in preventing crime
- Key figures: Travis Hirschi, Michael Gottfredson
Labeling Theory
- Focuses on the role of social labels and stigma in shaping criminal behavior
- Believes that people are more likely to commit crimes when they are labeled as deviants or criminals
- Emphasizes the importance of social reactions and labeling in shaping criminal identity
- Key figures: Howard Becker, Edwin Lemert
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Description
Explore the different theories in criminology, including classical, positivist, Chicago school, strain, social learning, control, and labeling theories. Learn about the key figures and concepts behind each theory.
