Criminology Overview Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Who coined the term 'Criminologia'?

Paul Topinard

Cirilo Tradio

Raffaele Garofalo (correct)

Edwind Sutherland

Which of the following describes Criminology as a multidisciplinary study?

It strictly adheres to biological perspectives.

It involves various fields such as psychology and sociology. (correct)

It only focuses on criminal law.

It is solely concerned with penal codes.

What is a key aspect of Criminology as defined by modern perspectives?

The analysis of crimes and criminals scientifically. (correct)

The exclusion of scientific approaches.

A major emphasis on legal language.

A focus on theoretical applications only.

Which principal division of Criminology analyzes the causes of crimes?

Criminal Etiology Signup and view all the answers

The Philippine Criminology Profession Act of 2018 defines Criminology as the study of which of the following?

Crimes, criminals, and victims Signup and view all the answers

What does the Sociology of Law division of criminology aim to analyze?

Conditions under which criminal laws develop Signup and view all the answers

Penology is primarily concerned with which aspect of criminology?

The control and prevention of crime Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about criminology is NOT true?

It is solely a legal discipline. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following needs is the highest level in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

Self-actualization Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily characterized by unpleasant feelings resulting from the blocking of motive satisfaction?

Frustration Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the integration into various social groups and the need for affection?

Love/Belongingness Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a source of frustration caused by physical barriers?

Physical Obstacles Signup and view all the answers

What type of need reflects motivation for learning and exploration?

Cognitive Needs Signup and view all the answers

Anxiety is often described as a form of what kind of fear?

Neurotic Fear Signup and view all the answers

Which level of needs involves the desire for beauty and order?

Aesthetic Needs Signup and view all the answers

What does conflict refer to in psychological terms?

The simultaneous arousal of incompatible motives Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the neurotic nucleus in neurotic behaviors?

Faulty evaluation of reality and avoidance of coping with stress Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the neurotic paradox?

Maintaining a maladaptive lifestyle despite dissatisfaction Signup and view all the answers

In anxiety disorders, what term is used to describe moderate but continuous anxiety?

Worry Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder?

The compulsive need to engage in certain behaviors despite not wanting to Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with asthenic disorders (neurasthenia)?

Persistent feelings of euphoria Signup and view all the answers

What type of disorder is characterized by irrational fears of objects or situations that pose no real danger?

Phobic disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which physiological symptom is commonly linked with anxiety disorders?

Sustained muscular tension Signup and view all the answers

What defines neurotic behaviors in relation to personality disorders?

They are mild functional personality disorders without gross disorganization. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason society exists according to the content?

To provide benefits individuals would not receive in isolation Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes Beccaria's belief about individual behavior?

Individuals possess freewill and make rational choices. Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'manipulability' refer to in Beccaria's theory?

The idea that rational self-interest can make human actions predictable. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT represent a principle proposed by Beccaria for a just government?

Offenders must face punishment by arbitrary authority Signup and view all the answers

How does crime affect the relationship between individuals and society according to the content?

It disparages the quality of the bond. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Beccaria's treatise 'On Crimes and Punishments'?

It discussed principles of penal reform and human rights. Signup and view all the answers

According to Beccaria, what aspect of law helps to prevent deviant acts?

The preservation of the social contract Signup and view all the answers

Which principle about arrests is proposed by Beccaria?

Arrests must follow laws set by legislators. Signup and view all the answers

What does the positivist school of thought emphasize in the study of crime?

The scientific treatment of the criminal's behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'positivism'?

An analysis based on observable scientific facts Signup and view all the answers

What was Cesare Lombroso's contribution to criminology?

He founded the positivist school of thought Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a defining feature of the positivist school?

Emphasis on crime control through penalties Signup and view all the answers

Who are considered the primary personalities in the positivist school of thought?

Enrico Ferri, Cesare Lombroso, and Rafaele Garofalo Signup and view all the answers

The positivist school is sometimes referred to as the:

Italian School of Thought Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of human behavior does positivism primarily seek to understand?

The internal and external factors affecting actions Signup and view all the answers

What was the attitude of the positivist school towards social and personal betterment?

Idealistic and hopeful Signup and view all the answers

What was a key differentiator in the first phase of criminology?

The distinction between crime and sin. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of modern criminology?

To assert independence from traditional disciplines. Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the significant publication of 'On Crimes and Punishments' in 1764?

Cesare Beccaria. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key principle of utilitarianism as proposed by Jeremy Bentham?

Individuals weigh costs and benefits before acting. Signup and view all the answers

What does the severity element of deterrence refer to?

How harsh the punishment will be for a crime. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best defines general deterrence?

It serves to deter the whole community by showcasing punishment. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term hedonistic calculus involve?

The decision-making process between pleasure and pain. Signup and view all the answers

Which key idea was presented by Beccaria regarding torture?

It should be abolished as a means of extracting confessions. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the neo-classical school of criminology specifically challenge?

The acceptance of all actions as resulting from freewill. Signup and view all the answers

How does certainty in deterrence function?

It indicates how likely an offender is to be detected and punished. Signup and view all the answers

What is absolute deterrence concerned with?

The overall reduction in crime due to the fear of punishment. Signup and view all the answers

What was Cesare Beccaria's stance on freewill in relation to crime?

All individuals possess absolute freewill. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following theories emphasizes that crime can be controlled through suitable punishments?

Deterrence theory. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Origin of Criminology

Criminology was derived from the Italian term "criminologia," coined by Raffaele Garofalo in 1885.
In 1887, Paul Topinard used "criminologie" to differentiate the study of criminal body types within anthropology.
Criminology stems from Latin (crimen = crime/offense) and Greek (logia = study).
Criminology is a body of knowledge about crime as a social phenomenon (Cirilo Tradio).
Criminology encompasses the process of making laws, breaking laws, and reacting to law-breaking (Edwin Sutherland and Donald Cressey).
It is a multidisciplinary field encompassing psychology, sociology, anthropology, biology, neurology, political science, economics, and others (Curt Bartol and Anne Bartol).
Modern definitions include scientifically analyzing crime causes, control, and criminal treatment.
The Philippine Criminology Profession Act of 2018 (Republic Act 11131) defines criminology as the scientific study of crimes, criminals, and victims, focusing on prevention and solutions.

Principal Divisions of Criminology

Criminology comprises three principal divisions:
- Sociology of Law: scientific analysis of penal laws' development as formal social control.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the core principles and definitions of criminology. This quiz covers key aspects such as the multidisciplinary nature of criminology, major divisions, and the Philippine Criminology Profession Act of 2018. Challenge yourself with questions that also explore related concepts in psychology and sociology.