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The release of an accused person from custody, for all or part of the time before or during prosecution on his or her promise to appear in court when required, is known as ______
The release of an accused person from custody, for all or part of the time before or during prosecution on his or her promise to appear in court when required, is known as ______
bail
An appearance before a magistrate during which the legality of the defendant's arrest is initially assessed and the defendant is informed of the charges of which he or she is being held, is known as a ______
An appearance before a magistrate during which the legality of the defendant's arrest is initially assessed and the defendant is informed of the charges of which he or she is being held, is known as a ______
preliminary hearing
A document guaranteeing the appearance of a defendant in court as required and recording the pledge of money or property to be paid to the court if he or she does not appear, which is signed by the person to be released and anyone else acting on his or her behalf, is known as a ______
A document guaranteeing the appearance of a defendant in court as required and recording the pledge of money or property to be paid to the court if he or she does not appear, which is signed by the person to be released and anyone else acting on his or her behalf, is known as a ______
bail bond
The setting of bail in the form of land, houses, stocks, or other tangible property is known as ______
The setting of bail in the form of land, houses, stocks, or other tangible property is known as ______
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A law intended to prevent the pretrial release of a criminal defendant judge to represent a danger to others in the community is known as a ______
A law intended to prevent the pretrial release of a criminal defendant judge to represent a danger to others in the community is known as a ______
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The imposition of a criminal sanction by a judicial authority is known as ______
The imposition of a criminal sanction by a judicial authority is known as ______
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The use of imprisonment or other means to reduce the likelihood that an offender will commit further offenses is known as ______
The use of imprisonment or other means to reduce the likelihood that an offender will commit further offenses is known as ______
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The act of taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator is known as ______
The act of taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator is known as ______
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The act of relapsing into a problem or a criminal behavior during or after sanctions or while undergoing intervention due to a previous behavior or crime is known as ______
The act of relapsing into a problem or a criminal behavior during or after sanctions or while undergoing intervention due to a previous behavior or crime is known as ______
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A goal of criminal sentencing that attempts to make the victim and the community whole again is known as ______
A goal of criminal sentencing that attempts to make the victim and the community whole again is known as ______
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Specialized courts that help reduce recidivism and improve public safety through the use of judicial oversight to apply graduated sanctions and positive reinforcement, to marshal resources to support the prisoner's reintegration, and to promote positive behavior by the returning prisoner, are known as ______
Specialized courts that help reduce recidivism and improve public safety through the use of judicial oversight to apply graduated sanctions and positive reinforcement, to marshal resources to support the prisoner's reintegration, and to promote positive behavior by the returning prisoner, are known as ______
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A supervision strategy that uses electronic technology to track offenders who have been sentenced to house arrest or who have been ordered to limit their movements while completing a sentence involving probation or parole is known as ______
A supervision strategy that uses electronic technology to track offenders who have been sentenced to house arrest or who have been ordered to limit their movements while completing a sentence involving probation or parole is known as ______
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The practice of sentencing offenders to prison, allowing them to apply for probationary release, and surprisingly permitting such release, is known as ______
The practice of sentencing offenders to prison, allowing them to apply for probationary release, and surprisingly permitting such release, is known as ______
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The number of probation or parole clients assigned to one probation or parole officer for supervision is known as a ______
The number of probation or parole clients assigned to one probation or parole officer for supervision is known as a ______
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A state or federal confinement facility that has custodial authority over adults sentenced to confinement is known as a ______
A state or federal confinement facility that has custodial authority over adults sentenced to confinement is known as a ______
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A correctional model intended to capitalize on the labor of convicts sentenced to confinement is known as the ______
A correctional model intended to capitalize on the labor of convicts sentenced to confinement is known as the ______
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Federal legislation of 1935 that effectively ended the industrial prison era by restricting interstate commerce in prison-made goods is known as the ______
Federal legislation of 1935 that effectively ended the industrial prison era by restricting interstate commerce in prison-made goods is known as the ______
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A prison program through which inmates are temporarily released into community to meet job responsibilities, is known as a ______
A prison program through which inmates are temporarily released into community to meet job responsibilities, is known as a ______
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The belief, popularized by Robert Martinson in the 1970's, that correctional treatment programs have had little success in rehabilitating offenders, is known as the ______
The belief, popularized by Robert Martinson in the 1970's, that correctional treatment programs have had little success in rehabilitating offenders, is known as the ______
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An enclosed facility separated from society both socially and physically, where the inhabitants share all aspects of their daily lives is known as a ______
An enclosed facility separated from society both socially and physically, where the inhabitants share all aspects of their daily lives is known as a ______
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The value and behavioral patterns characteristics of prison inmates are known as ______
The value and behavioral patterns characteristics of prison inmates are known as ______
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An inmate group, gang, or organization whose members act together to pose a threat to the safety of correction staff or the public, who prey upon other inmates, or who threaten the secure and orderly operation of a correctional institution is known as a ______
An inmate group, gang, or organization whose members act together to pose a threat to the safety of correction staff or the public, who prey upon other inmates, or who threaten the secure and orderly operation of a correctional institution is known as a ______
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A policy of non-intervention with regard to prison management that US courts tend to follow until the 1960s is known as the ______
A policy of non-intervention with regard to prison management that US courts tend to follow until the 1960s is known as the ______
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A formalized arrangement, usually involving a neutral hearing board, whereby institutionalized individuals have the opportunity to register complaints about the conditions of their confinement is known as a ______
A formalized arrangement, usually involving a neutral hearing board, whereby institutionalized individuals have the opportunity to register complaints about the conditions of their confinement is known as a ______
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A document filed in juvenile court alleging that a juvenile is delinquent, a status offender, or a dependent and asking that the courts assume jurisdiction over the juvenile is known as a ______
A document filed in juvenile court alleging that a juvenile is delinquent, a status offender, or a dependent and asking that the courts assume jurisdiction over the juvenile is known as a ______
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The condition of being black encompassing all that it means to be black in America is known as ______
The condition of being black encompassing all that it means to be black in America is known as ______
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A youth who have at some point formally entered both the child welfare and juvenile justice system is known as a ______
A youth who have at some point formally entered both the child welfare and juvenile justice system is known as a ______
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A child who commits an act that is contrary to the law by virtue of the offender's status as a child is known as a ______
A child who commits an act that is contrary to the law by virtue of the offender's status as a child is known as a ______
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An act of conduct that is declared by statute to be an offense, but only when committed by or engaged in by a juvenile and that can be adjudicated only by a juvenile court, is known as a ______
An act of conduct that is declared by statute to be an offense, but only when committed by or engaged in by a juvenile and that can be adjudicated only by a juvenile court, is known as a ______
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A child who has been physically, sexually, or mentally abused, is known as a ______
A child who has been physically, sexually, or mentally abused, is known as a ______
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A child who is beyond parental control, as evidenced by his or her refusal to obey legitimate authorities, such as school officials and teachers, is known as a ______
A child who is beyond parental control, as evidenced by his or her refusal to obey legitimate authorities, such as school officials and teachers, is known as a ______
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In the broadest usage, juvenile actions or conduct in violation of criminal law, juvenile status offenses, and other juvenile behavior, are collectively known as ______
In the broadest usage, juvenile actions or conduct in violation of criminal law, juvenile status offenses, and other juvenile behavior, are collectively known as ______
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The aggregate of government agencies that function to investigate, supervised, adjudicate, care for, or confine youth offenders and other children subject to the jurisdiction of juvenile court, is known as the ______
The aggregate of government agencies that function to investigate, supervised, adjudicate, care for, or confine youth offenders and other children subject to the jurisdiction of juvenile court, is known as the ______
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Individuals who are charged with or adjudicated for law violations, are considered ______
Individuals who are charged with or adjudicated for law violations, are considered ______
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A common law principle that allows the state to assume a parental role and to take custody of a juvenile when he or she becomes delinquent, is abandoned, or is in need of care that natural parents are unable or unwilling to provide, is known as ______
A common law principle that allows the state to assume a parental role and to take custody of a juvenile when he or she becomes delinquent, is abandoned, or is in need of care that natural parents are unable or unwilling to provide, is known as ______
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A contemporary model of imprisonment based on the principle of just deserts, is known as ______
A contemporary model of imprisonment based on the principle of just deserts, is known as ______
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The number of inmates a prison was intended to hold when it was built or modified, is known as the ______
The number of inmates a prison was intended to hold when it was built or modified, is known as the ______
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The size of the correctional population an institution can effectively hold, is known as the ______
The size of the correctional population an institution can effectively hold, is known as the ______
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The number of inmates a prison can effectively accommodate based on management considerations, is the ______
The number of inmates a prison can effectively accommodate based on management considerations, is the ______
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The number of inmates a prison can handle according to the judgement of experts, is the ______
The number of inmates a prison can handle according to the judgement of experts, is the ______
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A policy that seeks to protect society by incarcerating individuals deemed to be the most dangerous, is known as the ______
A policy that seeks to protect society by incarcerating individuals deemed to be the most dangerous, is known as the ______
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A system used by prison administrators to assign inmates to custody levels based on offense history, assessed dangerousness, perceived risk of escape and other factors is known as the ______
A system used by prison administrators to assign inmates to custody levels based on offense history, assessed dangerousness, perceived risk of escape and other factors is known as the ______
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A jail that is built and run using the combined resources of a variety of local jurisdictions is known as a ______
A jail that is built and run using the combined resources of a variety of local jurisdictions is known as a ______
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A correctional institution operated by a private firm on behalf of local, state, or federal government, is known as a ______
A correctional institution operated by a private firm on behalf of local, state, or federal government, is known as a ______
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The movement toward the wider use of private prisons is known as ______
The movement toward the wider use of private prisons is known as ______
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The process of negotiating an agreement among the defendants, the prosecutor, and the court as to an appropriate plea and associated sentence in a given case is known as a ______
The process of negotiating an agreement among the defendants, the prosecutor, and the court as to an appropriate plea and associated sentence in a given case is known as a ______
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In criminal proceedings, the defendant's formal answer in court to the charge contained any complaint, information, or indictment that he or she is guilty of the offense charged is not guilty of the offense charge or does not contest the charge is known as a ______
In criminal proceedings, the defendant's formal answer in court to the charge contained any complaint, information, or indictment that he or she is guilty of the offense charged is not guilty of the offense charge or does not contest the charge is known as a ______
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Court rules that govern the admissibility of evidence at a criminal hearing and trials are known as ______
Court rules that govern the admissibility of evidence at a criminal hearing and trials are known as ______
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What are the court rules that govern the admissibility of evidence at a criminal hearing and trials?
What are the court rules that govern the admissibility of evidence at a criminal hearing and trials?
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__________________: A state or federal confinement facility that has custodial authority over adults sentenced to confinement.
__________________: A state or federal confinement facility that has custodial authority over adults sentenced to confinement.
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Study Notes
Criminal Justice System
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Release of Accused: Release from custody, for all or part of the time, before or during prosecution, based on a promise to appear in court
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Magistrate's Appearance: A court appearance to assess the legality of an arrest and inform the defendant of the charges
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Bail: A document guaranteeing the defendant's court appearance, often involving a financial pledge or property
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Setting Bail: Specifying the conditions of release, often involving property like land, houses, stocks
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Pretrial Detention: Preventing the release of a defendant to protect the public from harm in the community
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Criminal Sanctions: Judicial actions to punish criminal offences
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Reducing Recidivism: Actions that aim to reduce the likelihood of future crimes, such as imprisonment
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Retaliation: Taking revenge against a perpetrator or someone involved in a crime
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Recidivism and Intervention: Relapse into criminal behavior after sanctions
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Restorative Justice: Making the victim and the community whole, following a crime
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Specialized Courts: Judicial initiatives aimed at rehabilitation and reintegration, such as graduated sanctions and positive reinforcement
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Electronic Monitoring: Supervised release where offenders wear electronic devices to track their movements, usually with restrictions
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Home Confinement: Sentencing that limits offender freedom to their home, often with electronic monitoring
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Shock Probation: Sentencing an offender to prison followed by shock probation, giving the option to apply for probationary release
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Probation Officer Supervision: Officers' responsibility for supervising offenders released on probation or parole
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Correctional Facility: A place that keeps criminals imprisoned
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Correctional Treatment Programs: Programs intended to rehabilitate criminals and support their return to society
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Inmate Group Influence: Inmate groups and their actions that threaten prison staff, the public, and the security of the prison
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Non-Intervention Policy: A prison management policy that avoids intervention in inmate matters
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Juvenile Court Complaints: Documents filed in juvenile court alleging juvenile delinquency, status offenses, or dependency
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Racial Demographics: Consideration of racial attributes and social factors in the correctional system
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Child and Delinquency: Committing illegal activities due to the age of the offender
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Juvenile Offenses: Offenses depending on age
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Abuse of Juveniles: Physical, sexual, or mental abuse against children
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Juvenile Status Offenses: Conduct deemed wrong based on a juvenile's status
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Legal Jurisdiction: Courts with the authority to enforce rulings
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Juvenile Court Adjudication: The process of deciding on a punishment for juvenile offenders
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The Role of Parents: Determining the responsibility of parents, especially regarding their children
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Principle of Just Deserts: A contemporary imprisonment model based on fair punishments
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Capacity of Correctional Facilities: The number of inmates a prison can hold considering management and logistical issues
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Dangerous Offender Policies: Strategies to contain offenders perceived as dangerous
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Management Considerations for Facilities: The number of inmates a prison can effectively accommodate
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Negotiating Plea Agreements: Mutual agreement between defendants and prosecutors regarding charges and sentences
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Formal Plea Submission: Presenting a specific response to criminal charges, including 'guilty' and 'not guilty'
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Evidence Admissibility: Rules on what evidence can be used in court
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Imposition of Sanctions: Laying down punishments through judicial authority
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Description
Explore the key components of the Criminal Justice System, including the processes of bail, pretrial detention, and the impact of criminal sanctions. This quiz covers essential terms and concepts, aiding in understanding the framework of law enforcement and judicial proceedings.
