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Questions and Answers
What is one of the main reasons for having a criminal justice system?
What percentage of charges resulted in convictions in the year ending March 2023?
What is the most common type of offence committed in NZ?
What percentage of adults experienced victimisation in the year ending March 2022?
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What proportion of the population experiences a large proportion of crime?
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What percentage of offences are reported to the police?
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What percentage of adults convicted in the year ending June 2023 were under 25 years?
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What is the proportion of Māori in the general population according to the 2018 census?
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What percentage of people in prison are on remand as of 31 December 2023?
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In the 12 months after release from prison, what percentage of individuals are resentenced?
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What proportion of men born in 1978 in New Zealand had a criminal conviction by age 39?
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What percentage of crime is committed against people in New Zealand?
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Study Notes
Purposes of the Criminal Justice System
- To protect individual rights and freedoms
- To outline what is unacceptable and penalties for lawbreaking
- To enforce the rules around how the country is governed
- To avoid further social and financial costs of crime
- To assess, manage, and reduce the risk of reoffending
Components of the Criminal Justice System
- Ministry of Justice
- Department of Corrections
- NZ Police
- Courts of NZ
- Oranga Tamariki
- Serious Fraud Office
Crime in New Zealand
- 62,584 adults were charged in the year ending March 2023, with 76% of charges resulting in conviction
- The most common convicted offence was a traffic offence
- Most crime (73%) is committed against property, rather than people (27%)
Trends in Crime Rates
- Crime rates often reflect willingness to report, criminalization of behaviors, effectiveness of police force, and responses to crime
- Charges and convictions have been decreasing over the last 10-15 years
Victimization
- 31% of adults experienced victimization in the year ending March 2022
- There were 2.5 million incidents of crime in 2022, with a small proportion of the population being highly victimized
- LGBTQ+ individuals are more likely to experience victimization (52%), followed by Māori (37%)
- Females are more likely to have experienced intimate partner violence (24%) and sexual assault (36%) than males
- Less than 1 in 5 offenses are reported to the police
Demographics of Convicted Individuals
- 44% of convicted adults in the year ending June 2023 were Māori
- 36% were European, 10% were Pasifika, 3% were Asian, and 2% were other
- 80% were male, with 39% being under 30 years and 21% being under 25 years
- Māori, men, and younger individuals are overrepresented in the convicted population
Prison Population
- As of 31 December 2023, there were 9,115 people in prison in Aotearoa
- 93.8% of prisoners are male, with 43% being on remand
- A quarter of prisoners are under 30, with over half being Māori
- The prison population is disproportionately Māori compared to the general population
Reoffending
- 33% of prisoners were resentenced and 22% were reimprisoned in the 12 months after release from prison
- Young people and Māori are more likely to reoffend
Prevalence of Contact with the Criminal Justice System
- By age 39, 1/4 of individuals born in 1978 in New Zealand have a criminal conviction
- 1/3 of men and 1/2 of Māori and Pacific men have a criminal conviction
- Many convictions were for minor crimes, such as shoplifting or careless driving
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of the criminal justice system in New Zealand, including its purpose, components, and stakeholders. It explores the roles of various government agencies and institutions in maintaining law and order.
