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Questions and Answers
What is the literal meaning of the word 'INVESTIGATUS'?
What is the literal meaning of the word 'INVESTIGATUS'?
What is the primary duty of a Criminal Investigator?
What is the primary duty of a Criminal Investigator?
What does the term 'VESTIGIUM' mean?
What does the term 'VESTIGIUM' mean?
What does Criminal Investigation deal with?
What does Criminal Investigation deal with?
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Which term refers to the systematic examination of scientific detail or question?
Which term refers to the systematic examination of scientific detail or question?
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What are the five functions of Criminal Investigators according to the text?
What are the five functions of Criminal Investigators according to the text?
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What is the main difference between reactive and proactive response?
What is the main difference between reactive and proactive response?
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Who conducts formal investigations to discover facts concerning a civil or criminal case?
Who conducts formal investigations to discover facts concerning a civil or criminal case?
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What is considered the most powerful weapon of investigators, according to the text?
What is considered the most powerful weapon of investigators, according to the text?
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Who introduced the term 'detective' to the English language?
Who introduced the term 'detective' to the English language?
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Who was credited as the Father of La Surete, France National Detective Organization?
Who was credited as the Father of La Surete, France National Detective Organization?
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In which criminal case did the Supreme Court rule that illegally obtained evidence is inadmissible in state criminal prosecutions?
In which criminal case did the Supreme Court rule that illegally obtained evidence is inadmissible in state criminal prosecutions?
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What is the purpose of the 'We know all' technique in interrogation?
What is the purpose of the 'We know all' technique in interrogation?
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What is the purpose of the Rapid fire technique in interrogation?
What is the purpose of the Rapid fire technique in interrogation?
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What is the Mutt and Jeff technique in interrogation based on?
What is the Mutt and Jeff technique in interrogation based on?
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What is the Silent technique in interrogation used for?
What is the Silent technique in interrogation used for?
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What is the Futility technique in interrogation based on?
What is the Futility technique in interrogation based on?
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What is the 'Change of scene' approach in criminal investigation used for?
What is the 'Change of scene' approach in criminal investigation used for?
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What is the main purpose of a dwelling assignment in undercover investigation?
What is the main purpose of a dwelling assignment in undercover investigation?
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What type of information is acquired from regular sources like records, police files, and civic spirited citizens?
What type of information is acquired from regular sources like records, police files, and civic spirited citizens?
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What is the primary method of reproducing an interview that involves permitting an uninterrupted flow of information but may lead to inaccuracy due to untrained memory?
What is the primary method of reproducing an interview that involves permitting an uninterrupted flow of information but may lead to inaccuracy due to untrained memory?
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What is the main purpose of interrogation in criminal investigation?
What is the main purpose of interrogation in criminal investigation?
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What is a key privacy requirement for an interrogation room?
What is a key privacy requirement for an interrogation room?
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Which technique involves offering an act of friendship and acts of kindness to induce the subject to confess?
Which technique involves offering an act of friendship and acts of kindness to induce the subject to confess?
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What is the main difference between confession and admission in a criminal case?
What is the main difference between confession and admission in a criminal case?
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What is the purpose of a police lineup in identifying a suspect?
What is the purpose of a police lineup in identifying a suspect?
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What is the role of a confidential informant?
What is the role of a confidential informant?
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Why should the police lineup be held in a room away from public view?
Why should the police lineup be held in a room away from public view?
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What is the purpose of corroborative evidence in proving the guilt of an accused based on confession?
What is the purpose of corroborative evidence in proving the guilt of an accused based on confession?
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What type of evidence may identify a criminal based on clues or personal properties?
What type of evidence may identify a criminal based on clues or personal properties?
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What is the purpose of a rough sketch at a crime scene?
What is the purpose of a rough sketch at a crime scene?
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What is the purpose of a smooth/finish sketch at a crime scene?
What is the purpose of a smooth/finish sketch at a crime scene?
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What type of sketch is used to document important items within a large scene involving a large tract of land and many buildings?
What type of sketch is used to document important items within a large scene involving a large tract of land and many buildings?
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In what situation is the Floor Plan/Over View/Bird’s Eye view sketch commonly used?
In what situation is the Floor Plan/Over View/Bird’s Eye view sketch commonly used?
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Which type of sketch is used to show points of interest on the walls, ceiling, and floor?
Which type of sketch is used to show points of interest on the walls, ceiling, and floor?
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What is the main purpose of computer-aided crime scene sketching?
What is the main purpose of computer-aided crime scene sketching?
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What must a rough sketch at a crime scene indicate?
What must a rough sketch at a crime scene indicate?
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What should a ground sketch at a crime scene depict?
What should a ground sketch at a crime scene depict?
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What should an elevation sketch be used for?
What should an elevation sketch be used for?
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What does computer-aided crime scene sketching make possible for investigators?
What does computer-aided crime scene sketching make possible for investigators?
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Study Notes
Key Terms and Definitions
- INVESTIGATUS: Latin term meaning "to search or track."
- VESTIGIUM: Refers to a "footprint" or "trace," indicating something left behind as evidence.
Duties and Scope of Criminal Investigation
- Primary duty of a Criminal Investigator: To gather evidence and deduce facts related to criminal activities.
- Criminal Investigation addresses the examination and resolution of crimes to establish motives, means, and opportunities.
- Conducted by trained professionals who gather facts to resolve civil or criminal cases.
Investigation Techniques and Techniques in Interrogation
- Systematic examination of scientific detail often referred to as forensic analysis.
- Interrogation techniques include:
- 'We know all' technique: Used to pressure suspects by suggesting that investigators have all the information.
- Rapid fire technique: Involves asking rapid questions to create stress and compel a response.
- Mutt and Jeff technique: Based on contrasting approaches, one aggressive and the other sympathetic, to confuse subjects.
- Silent technique: Utilizes silence to create discomfort and encourage the subject to fill the void with information.
- Futility technique: Involves implying that resistance is useless to persuade subjects to confess.
- Change of scene: Employed to alter the environment and gather more information.
Roles and Responsibilities
- Investigators rely on sources such as police files, public records, and citizen tips to gather information.
- The most powerful weapon of investigators is the interrogation, which aims to elicit confessions or admissions.
- The police lineup serves to identify suspects by allowing witnesses to view potential perpetrators.
- Confidential informants play a crucial role by providing information to law enforcement discreetly.
Techniques Used in Interrogation
- Interrogation rooms must ensure key privacy to create a secure environment for questioning.
- Techniques involving kindness or friendship aim to lower defenses and encourage confession.
- Confession vs. Admission: A confession is an acknowledgment of guilt, while an admission may only acknowledge facts without accepting guilt.
Evidence and Documentation in Investigation
- Corroborative evidence supports confessions and strengthens the case against an accused individual.
- Evidence such as physical identifiers can link a suspect to a crime scene through personal belongings or forensic clues.
- Rough sketches at crime scenes outline initial observations and evidence layout, helping in the investigation process.
- Smooth/finish sketches are precise representations for official records and presentations.
- Floor Plans or Bird’s Eye view sketches visualize large areas with critical items and connections.
- Elevation sketches highlight vertical features of crime scenes, detailing items on walls, floors, and ceilings.
- Computer-aided crime scene sketching enhances accuracy and facilitates analysis and presentation of crime scene layouts.
General Sketching Guidelines
- A rough sketch should reflect measurements and placements of evidence clearly.
- Ground sketches provide an overview of physical circumstances at the scene.
- Elevation sketches are designed to detail spatial relationships of evidence within the vertical space.
These notes provide an overview of the key aspects related to criminal investigation methods, terminology, roles, and evidence management.
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Description
Test your knowledge of criminal investigation techniques with this quiz. Explore scenarios such as different kinds of offenses, line-up and reverse line-up techniques, and the use of bluffing in investigations.
